Ultraviolet A1 Phototherapy in the Treatment of Early Mycosis Fungoides.

BACKGROUND

Phototherapy has been the mainstay of therapies for early mycosis fungoides (MF). The beneficial role of ultraviolet (UV) light on MF is suggested by the observation that lesions occur on non-sun-exposed areas. Therapeutic light sources that are available today are broadband UVB, psoralen and UVA, narrowband UVB, and long-wave UV (UVA1). Current literature provides increasing evidence on the use of UVA1 to treat MF.

AIM

To investigate the treatment responses of early MF patients treated with fixed 30 J/cm2 doses of UVA1 phototherapy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Nineteen patients with early MF, stage IA-IIA of the TNM staging system, received fixed 30 J/cm2 doses of UVA1, given 5 times weekly over 5 weeks. Therapeutic effectiveness was assessed by clinical examination and was confirmed by histological evaluation.

RESULTS

Of the 19 patients, complete responses were achieved in 12 (63%) and partial responses were achieved in 7 (37%) patients after UVA1 radiation exposures. During the study, UVA1 therapy was well tolerated. During the follow-up, 7 (58%) of the 12 patients with complete response relapsed within 3 months of the UVA1 therapy.

CONCLUSION

The current study provides clinical and histological evidence for the effectiveness of UVA1 (30 J/cm2 5 times a week for 5 weeks) as a skin-directed therapy in the treatment of early MF; however, such a treatment failed to maintain a long and sustained response. Thus, studies to identify the optimal dosing protocol regarding the therapeutic efficacy, the factors affecting relapse time/rate, and the necessity of maintenance treatment are needed.