Sankaranarayanan Subramanian, Jamshed Muhammad, Kumar Abhinandan, Skori Logan, Scandola Sabine, Wang Tina, Spiegel David, Samuel Marcus A
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Apr 24;18(4):898. doi: 10.3390/ijms18040898.
The ubiquitous glyoxalase enzymatic pathway is involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis. The glyoxalase system has been more extensively studied in animals versus plants. Plant glyoxalases have been primarily associated with stress responses and their overexpression is known to impart tolerance to various abiotic stresses. In plants, glyoxalases exist as multigene families, and new roles for glyoxalases in various developmental and signaling pathways have started to emerge. Glyoxalase-based MG detoxification has now been shown to be important for pollination responses. During self-incompatibility response in Brassicaceae, MG is required to target compatibility factors for proteasomal degradation, while accumulation of glyoxalase leads to MG detoxification and efficient pollination. In this review, we discuss the importance of glyoxalase systems and their emerging biological roles in plants.
普遍存在的乙二醛酶催化途径参与了甲基乙二醛（MG）的解毒过程，MG是糖酵解的一种细胞毒性副产物。与植物相比，乙二醛酶系统在动物中得到了更广泛的研究。植物乙二醛酶主要与应激反应相关，已知其过表达能赋予植物对各种非生物胁迫的耐受性。在植物中，乙二醛酶以多基因家族的形式存在，并且乙二醛酶在各种发育和信号传导途径中的新作用已开始显现。现已证明基于乙二醛酶的MG解毒对于授粉反应很重要。在十字花科植物的自交不亲和反应中，MG是靶向蛋白酶体降解的相容性因子所必需的，而乙二醛酶的积累则导致MG解毒和有效授粉。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了乙二醛酶系统的重要性及其在植物中新兴的生物学作用。
