Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Oct 21;24(1):990. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05612-5.
Capsicum annuum, a significant agricultural and nutritional crop, faces production challenges due to its sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Glyoxalase (GLY) and D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH) enzymes play vital roles in mitigating these stresses by detoxifying the stress-induced cytotoxin, methylglyoxal (MG).
A genome-wide study was conducted to identify and characterize glyoxalase I (GLYI), glyoxalase II (GLYII), unique glyoxalase III or DJ-1 (GLYIII), and D-LDH gene candidates in Capsicum annuum. The identified members were evaluated based on their evolutionary relationships with known orthologues, as well as their gene and protein features. Their expression patterns were examined in various tissues, developmental stages, and in response to abiotic stress conditions using RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR.
A total of 19 GLYI, 9 GLYII, 3 DJ-1, and 11 D-LDH members were identified, each featuring characteristic domains: glyoxalase, metallo-β-lactamase, DJ-1_PfpI, and FAD_binding_4, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clades depending on functional diversification. Expression profiling demonstrated significant variability under stress conditions, underscoring their potential roles in stress modulation. Notably, gene-specific responses were observed with CaGLYI-2, CaGLYI-7, CaGLYII-6, CaDJ-1 A, and CaDLDH-1 showed upregulation under salinity, drought, oxidative, heat, and cold stresses, while downregulation were shown for CaGLYI-3, CaGLYII-1, CaDJ-1B, and CaDJ-1 C. Remarkably, CaGLYI-1 presented a unique expression pattern, upregulated against drought and salinity but downregulated under oxidative, heat, and cold stress.
The identified GLY and D-LDH gene families in Capsicum annuum exhibited differential expression patterns under different abiotic stresses. Specifically, CaGLYI-2, CaGLYI-7, CaGLYII-6, CaDJ-1 A, and CaDLDH-1 were upregulated in response to all five analyzed abiotic stressors, highlighting their critical role in stress modulation amidst climate change. This study enhances our understanding of plant stress physiology and opens new avenues for developing stress-resilient crop varieties, crucial for sustainable agriculture.
辣椒作为一种重要的农业和营养作物，由于其对各种非生物胁迫的敏感性，面临着生产挑战。在减轻这些胁迫方面，醛缩酶 (GLY) 和 D-乳酸脱氢酶 (D-LDH) 酶通过解毒应激诱导的细胞毒素甲基乙二醛 (MG) 发挥着重要作用。
对辣椒进行了全基因组研究，以鉴定和表征其糖氧还蛋白 I (GLYI)、糖氧还蛋白 II (GLYII)、独特的糖氧还蛋白 III 或 DJ-1 (GLYIII) 和 D-LDH 基因候选物。根据与已知直系同源物的进化关系以及基因和蛋白质特征对鉴定出的成员进行评估。使用 RNA-seq 数据和 qRT-PCR 分析了它们在各种组织、发育阶段以及对非生物胁迫条件的表达模式。
共鉴定出 19 个 GLYI、9 个 GLYII、3 个 DJ-1 和 11 个 D-LDH 成员，每个成员都具有特征性结构域：糖氧还蛋白、金属β-内酰胺酶、DJ-1_PfpI 和 FAD_binding_4。系统发育分析表明，根据功能多样化，存在明显的进化枝。表达谱分析表明，在胁迫条件下存在显著的变异性，这突出了它们在应激调节中的潜在作用。值得注意的是，观察到了基因特异性反应，CaGLYI-2、CaGLYI-7、CaGLYII-6、CaDJ-1 A 和 CaDLDH-1 在盐胁迫、干旱、氧化、热和冷胁迫下上调，而 CaGLYI-3、CaGLYII-1、CaDJ-1 B 和 CaDJ-1 C 则下调。值得注意的是，CaGLYI-1 表现出独特的表达模式，对干旱和盐胁迫上调，但对氧化、热和冷胁迫下调。
在辣椒中鉴定出的 GLY 和 D-LDH 基因家族在不同的非生物胁迫下表现出不同的表达模式。具体而言，CaGLYI-2、CaGLYI-7、CaGLYII-6、CaDJ-1 A 和 CaDLDH-1 对所有五种分析的非生物胁迫均上调，这突出了它们在应对气候变化时在应激调节中的关键作用。本研究增进了我们对植物应激生理学的理解，并为开发应对气候变化的应激抗性作物品种开辟了新途径，这对于可持续农业至关重要。
