Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 315 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0308, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018 Apr;5(2):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s40615-017-0370-0. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
The goal of this study was to determine whether race/ethnicity and use of smoking cessation aids are associated with the duration of the last serious quit attempt and reductions in cigarette consumption among long-term daily smokers who tried, and failed, to quit smoking during the preceding year. Data came from the 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplement survey conducted in the USA, and analyses included 6672 reports of long-term daily smokers (i.e., smokers who smoked daily for 1 year or longer) who made at least one serious quit attempt in the past 12 months. About 39% of these smokers used at least one smoking cessation aid during their last quit attempt. Use of aids was significantly lower for non-Hispanic Black (NHB, 29%) and Hispanic (HISP, 29%) smokers than for non-Hispanic White (NHW, 42%) smokers, possibly due to differences in socioeconomic status and access to healthcare for smoking cessation. The effect of using any aids on mean cigarette reduction and duration of the last long quit attempt (i.e., one that lasted a day or more) was similar across race/ethnicity. Using any aids did not substantially influence mean cigarette reduction but was positively associated with duration of the quit attempt: the duration was 6 days longer (CI = 3:10), on average, when aids were used than when smokers attempted to quit unassisted. Race/ethnicity was significantly associated with mean cigarette reduction (p = 0.023); non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native smokers had the highest mean reduction (of 3 cigarettes, CI = 1:5) among the racial/ethnic groups considered. Use of aids may help increase duration of quit attempts and thus, may increase likelihood of quitting successfully in the near future.
本研究旨在确定种族/民族和使用戒烟辅助工具是否与过去一年中曾试图戒烟但未成功的长期每日吸烟者在最后一次认真戒烟尝试的持续时间和香烟消耗量减少有关。数据来自于美国进行的 2010-2011 年烟草使用补充调查，分析包括 6672 名长期每日吸烟者（即，每天吸烟 1 年或以上的吸烟者）的报告，这些吸烟者在过去 12 个月内至少进行了一次认真的戒烟尝试。在这些吸烟者中，约有 39%在最后一次戒烟尝试中使用了至少一种戒烟辅助工具。非西班牙裔黑人（NHB，29%）和西班牙裔（HISP，29%）吸烟者使用辅助工具的比例明显低于非西班牙裔白人（NHW，42%）吸烟者，这可能是由于社会经济地位和获得戒烟保健服务的差异所致。使用任何辅助工具对平均香烟减少量和最后一次长期戒烟尝试（即持续一天或更长时间）的持续时间的影响在不同种族/民族之间相似。使用任何辅助工具都不会显著影响平均香烟减少量，但与戒烟尝试的持续时间呈正相关：与吸烟者在未使用辅助工具的情况下尝试戒烟相比，使用辅助工具的平均戒烟尝试持续时间长 6 天（CI=3:10）。种族/民族与平均香烟减少量显著相关（p=0.023）；在考虑的种族/民族群体中，非西班牙裔美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民吸烟者的平均减少量最高（减少 3 支香烟，CI=1:5）。使用辅助工具可能有助于延长戒烟尝试的持续时间，从而可能增加在不久的将来成功戒烟的可能性。
