Soulakova Julia N, Li Jinyu, Crockett Lisa J
Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, United States.
Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 340 Hardin Hall-North, Lincoln, NE 68583-0963, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2016 Dec 23;5:160-165. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.12.008. eCollection 2017 Mar.
The study examined racial/ethnic differences in smokers' intentions to quit smoking within the next 6 months. The sample included 20,693 current non-occasional smokers in the U.S. who responded to the 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The rates of intention to quit within 1 month were significantly higher for non-Hispanic (NH) Black (21%; OR = 1.44, CI = 1.24-1.67) and Hispanic (21%; OR = 1.42, CI = 1.20-1.68) than for the NH Whites (NHW, 15%). The rates of intention to quit within 6 months were significantly higher for NH Blacks (46%; OR = 1.35, CI = 1.18-1.55) than for NH Whites (39%) and significantly lower for NH American Indians/Alaska Natives (38%; OR = 0.54, CI = 0.33-0.90) and NH Asians (39% OR = 0.55, CI = 0.35-0.86) than for NH multiracial (53%) smokers. Most disparities existed even after adjusting for smoking-related and sociodemographic factors. For most racial/ethnic groups, non-daily smoking and doctor's advice to quit were positively associated with the odds of intending to quit. For each racial/ethnic group, having a longer quit attempt in the past 12 months was positively associated with the odds of intending to quit. For NH Whites, NH Blacks, and Hispanics, the specific differences between racial/ethnic groups also depended on getting a doctor's advice, education, and survey mode. Although a smoker's intention to quit may not necessarily lead to immediate smoking cessation, the lack of intention may drastically delay smoking cessation. The study highlights the importance of accounting for racial/ethnic disparities when designing and implementing interventions to motivate smokers to quit and aid smoking cessation.
该研究调查了吸烟者在未来6个月内戒烟意愿的种族/族裔差异。样本包括20693名美国当前非偶尔吸烟者,他们对2010 - 2011年《当前人口调查烟草使用补充调查》做出了回应。非西班牙裔(NH)黑人(21%;比值比[OR]=1.44,置信区间[CI]=1.24 - 1.67)和西班牙裔(21%;OR = 1.42,CI = 1.20 - 1.68)在1个月内的戒烟意愿率显著高于非西班牙裔白人(NHW,15%)。非西班牙裔黑人在6个月内的戒烟意愿率(46%;OR = 1.35,CI = 1.18 - 1.55)显著高于非西班牙裔白人(39%),而非西班牙裔美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民(38%;OR = 0.54,CI = 0.33 - 0.90)和非西班牙裔亚洲人(39%;OR = 0.55,CI = 0.35 - 0.86)的戒烟意愿率显著低于非西班牙裔多种族(53%)吸烟者。即使在对与吸烟相关的因素和社会人口学因素进行调整之后,大多数差异仍然存在。对于大多数种族/族裔群体,非每日吸烟和医生的戒烟建议与戒烟意愿的几率呈正相关。对于每个种族/族裔群体,在过去12个月内有更长时间的戒烟尝试与戒烟意愿的几率呈正相关。对于非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人以及西班牙裔,种族/族裔群体之间的具体差异还取决于是否获得医生的建议、教育程度以及调查方式。虽然吸烟者的戒烟意愿不一定会立即导致戒烟,但缺乏意愿可能会严重延迟戒烟。该研究强调了在设计和实施激励吸烟者戒烟及辅助戒烟的干预措施时,考虑种族/族裔差异的重要性。