T细胞及其衍生的细胞因子如何以及为何会影响受损的和健康的大脑？
How and why do T cells and their derived cytokines affect the injured and healthy brain?
作者信息
Filiano Anthony J, Gadani Sachin P, Kipnis Jonathan
机构信息
Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017 Jun;18(6):375-384. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2017.39. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Abstract
The evolution of adaptive immunity provides enhanced defence against specific pathogens, as well as homeostatic immune surveillance of all tissues. Despite being 'immune privileged', the CNS uses the assistance of the immune system in physiological and pathological states. In this Opinion article, we discuss the influence of adaptive immunity on recovery after CNS injury and on cognitive and social brain function. We further extend a hypothesis that the pro-social effects of interferon-regulated genes were initially exploited by pathogens to increase host-host transmission, and that these genes were later recycled by the host to form part of an immune defence programme. In this way, the evolution of adaptive immunity may reflect a host-pathogen 'arms race'.
摘要
适应性免疫的进化增强了对特定病原体的防御能力，同时也实现了对所有组织的稳态免疫监视。尽管中枢神经系统具有“免疫特权”，但在生理和病理状态下，它仍需借助免疫系统的协助。在这篇观点文章中，我们讨论了适应性免疫对中枢神经系统损伤后恢复以及认知和社交脑功能的影响。我们进一步拓展了一个假说，即干扰素调节基因的亲社会效应最初被病原体利用以增加宿主间传播，而这些基因后来被宿主重新利用，成为免疫防御程序的一部分。通过这种方式，适应性免疫的进化可能反映了宿主与病原体之间的“军备竞赛”。
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