Banerjee Prajna Paramita, Bandyopadhyay Arindam, Harsha Singapura Nagesh, Policegoudra Rudragoud S, Bhattacharya Shelley, Karak Niranjan, Chattopadhyay Ansuman
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal.
Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Center for Polymer Science and Technology, Tezpur University, Napaam.
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 2017 Apr 18;9:265-278. doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S130952. eCollection 2017.
Leaf extract of or mint plant was used as reducing agent for the synthesis of green silver nanoparticles (GSNPs) as a cost-effective, eco-friendly process compared to that of chemical synthesis. The existence of nanoparticles was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, atomic-force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses, which ascertained the formation of spherical GSNPs with a size range of 3-9 nm. Anticancer activities against breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) were studied and compared with those of chemically synthesized (sodium borohydride [NaBH]-mediated) silver nanoparticles (CSNPs).
Cell survival of nanoparticle-treated and untreated cells was studied by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell-cycle analyses were carried out using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Expression patterns of PARP1, P53, P21, Bcl2, Bax and cleaved caspase 9 as well as caspase 3 proteins in treated and untreated MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were studied by Western blot method.
MTT assay results showed that -mediated GSNPs exhibited significant cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), which were at par with that of CSNPs. Cell cycle analyses of MCF7 cells revealed a significant increase in sub-G1 cell population, indicating cytotoxicity of GSNPs. On the other hand, human peripheral blood lymphocytes showed significantly less cytotoxicity compared with MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells when treated with the same dose. Expression patterns of proteins suggested that GSNPs triggered caspase 9-dependent cell death in both cell lines. The Ames test showed that GSNPs were nonmutagenic in nature.
GSNPs synthesized using may be considered as a promising anticancer agent in breast cancer therapy. They are less toxic and nonmutagenic and mediate caspase 9-dependent apoptosis in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.
与化学合成法相比，罗勒或薄荷植物的叶提取物被用作合成绿色银纳米颗粒（GSNPs）的还原剂，这是一种经济高效且环保的方法。通过紫外可见分光光度法、动态光散射法、傅里叶变换红外光谱法、X射线衍射法、能量色散X射线分析法、原子力显微镜法和透射电子显微镜分析法对纳米颗粒的存在进行了表征，确定形成了尺寸范围为3 - 9纳米的球形GSNPs。研究了其对乳腺癌细胞系（MCF7和MDA - MB - 231）的抗癌活性，并与化学合成（硼氢化钠[NaBH]介导）的银纳米颗粒（CSNPs）进行了比较。
通过3 - [4,5 - 二甲基噻唑 - 2 - 基] - 2,5 - 二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法研究纳米颗粒处理和未处理细胞的细胞存活率。使用荧光激活细胞分选进行细胞周期分析。通过荧光显微镜观察细胞形态。采用蛋白质印迹法研究处理和未处理的MCF7和MDA - MB - 231细胞中PARP1、P53、P21、Bcl2、Bax和裂解的半胱天冬酶9以及半胱天冬酶3蛋白的表达模式。
MTT法结果表明，罗勒介导的GSNPs对乳腺癌细胞（MCF7和MDA - MB - 231）表现出显著的细胞毒性，与CSNPs相当。MCF7细胞的细胞周期分析显示亚G1期细胞群体显著增加，表明GSNPs具有细胞毒性。另一方面，当用相同剂量处理时，人外周血淋巴细胞的细胞毒性明显低于MCF7和MDA - MB - 231细胞。蛋白质表达模式表明，GSNPs在两种细胞系中均触发了半胱天冬酶9依赖性细胞死亡。艾姆斯试验表明GSNPs本质上无致突变性。
使用罗勒合成的GSNPs可被视为乳腺癌治疗中有前景的抗癌剂。它们毒性较小且无致突变性，并在MCF7和MDA - MB - 231细胞中介导半胱天冬酶9依赖性凋亡。
