Yamamoto Toshiya
Developmental Research Support Center, Ageo, Saitama, Japan.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2017 Sep;51(3):345-358. doi: 10.1007/s12124-017-9388-4.
In this paper I introduce the outlines of our new type of theoretical framework named 'Cultural psychology of Differences' for understanding cultural others and dialogically reconstructing interactions among cultural others. In order to understand cultural others, it is necessary for us to reconstruct a new concept which enables us to analyze dynamic generation processes of culture. We propose the concept of Expanded Mediational Structure, EMS, as an elementary unit for understanding human social interactions. EMS is composed of subjects who interacts each other using objects of some kind as mediators, and a normative mediator, NM, which mediates their interactions. It is necessary to generate, share and adjust a NM to keep social interactions stable, and culture will appear when interaction malfunction is attributed to a gaps of NMs. The concept of EMS helps us to understand how culture is functionally substantialized in the plane of collective (or communal) intersubjectivity and how cultural conflicts develop and intensify. Focusing on the generation process of culture through interactions provides us with another option to understand cultural others through dialogical interactions with them.
在本文中，我将介绍一种名为“差异文化心理学”的新型理论框架的概要，该框架用于理解文化他者，并以对话方式重构文化他者之间的互动。为了理解文化他者，我们有必要重构一个新概念，使我们能够分析文化的动态生成过程。我们提出扩展中介结构（EMS）的概念，作为理解人类社会互动的基本单元。EMS由相互作用的主体组成，这些主体使用某种对象作为中介，以及一个规范中介（NM），它调解他们的互动。为了保持社会互动的稳定，有必要生成、共享和调整规范中介，当互动故障归因于规范中介的差距时，文化就会出现。EMS的概念有助于我们理解文化如何在集体（或公共）主体间性层面上功能实体化，以及文化冲突如何发展和加剧。关注通过互动产生文化的过程，为我们提供了另一种通过与文化他者进行对话互动来理解他们的选择。
