Shpiegel Svetlana, Sussman Steve, Sherman Scott E, El Shahawy Omar
a Robert D. McCormick Center for Child Advocacy and Policy , Montclair State University , Montclair , New Jersey , USA.
b Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research (IPR), University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2017 Sep 19;52(11):1469-1477. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1285315. Epub 2017 May 3.
Adolescents in foster care are at high risk for cigarette smoking. However, it is not clear how their smoking behaviors vary by gender. The present study examined lifetime and current smoking among males and females, and explored gender-specific risk factors for engagement in smoking behaviors.
Data from the Multi Site Evaluation of Foster Youth Programs was used to evaluate patterns of smoking among adolescents aged 12-18 years (N = 1121; 489 males, 632 females).
Males and females did not differ significantly in rates of lifetime and current smoking, or in the age of smoking initiation and number of cigarettes smoked on a typical day. Gender-based analyses revealed that older age and placement in group homes or residential treatment facilities were associated with heightened risk of smoking among males. In contrast, sexual minority status (i.e., nonheterosexual orientation) and increased childhood victimization were associated with heightened risk of smoking among females. A history of running away was linked to smoking in both genders.
Gender should be considered when designing intervention programs to address cigarette smoking among foster youth, as the stressors associated with smoking may differ for males and females.
寄养青少年吸烟风险很高。然而，尚不清楚他们的吸烟行为如何因性别而异。本研究调查了男性和女性的终生吸烟和当前吸烟情况，并探讨了吸烟行为的性别特异性风险因素。
利用寄养青年项目多地点评估的数据，评估12至18岁青少年（N = 1121；489名男性，632名女性）的吸烟模式。
男性和女性在终生吸烟率和当前吸烟率、开始吸烟年龄以及典型一天的吸烟支数方面没有显著差异。基于性别的分析显示，年龄较大以及安置在集体家庭或住院治疗机构与男性吸烟风险增加有关。相比之下，性少数群体身份（即非异性恋取向）和童年受侵害增加与女性吸烟风险增加有关。逃跑史与男女吸烟均有关联。
在设计干预项目以解决寄养青少年吸烟问题时应考虑性别因素，因为与吸烟相关的压力源在男性和女性中可能有所不同。
