Braciszewski Jordan M, Vose-O'Neal Adam, Gamarel Kristi E, Colby Suzanne M
Henry Ford Health System, Center for Health Policy & Health Services Research, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA 48202.
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Decision Sciences Institute, 1005 Main St., Suite 8120, Pawtucket, RI, USA 02860.
Child Youth Serv Rev. 2019 Jan;96:231-236. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.11.054. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Among the struggles faced by youth currently in or recently exiting foster care, tobacco use remains a low priority for practitioners and researchers, alike. Indeed, despite the dramatically altered landscape of tobacco products on the market, there have been no studies evaluating the use of alternative tobacco products among this vulnerable population. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of lifetime and current combustible and non-combustible tobacco use among youth exiting foster care, and report on the prevalence of nicotine dependence, motivation to quit, and preferred methods of tobacco cessation. Youth aged 18-24 ( = 20.13, = 1.16) who were transitioning from foster care (N = 154) completed a survey of tobacco product use adapted from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Baseline Survey. Most participants (76%) reported lifetime use of combustible cigarettes, while almost half (42%) were current combustible cigarette smokers. Current use of electronic cigarettes was comparable to general population rates. Many participants (76%) reported interest in quitting and willingness to try through patches/gum (56%) and technology-based (61%) approaches. Youth exiting foster care are at high risk for smoking and other tobacco product use, as well as dependence, yet are rarely screened for use or advised to quit. As tobacco use remains among the most preventable causes of mortality and morbidity, future work should involve implementation of screening within child welfare and tailoring interventions to the unique needs of this population. The current results underscore a missed opportunity to promote public health in a vulnerable population.
在目前处于寄养状态或最近刚脱离寄养状态的年轻人所面临的诸多困境中，烟草使用问题在从业者和研究人员那里都未得到足够重视。事实上，尽管市场上烟草产品的格局已发生巨大变化，但尚无研究评估这一弱势群体对替代烟草产品的使用情况。本研究旨在确定脱离寄养状态的年轻人中终生及当前可燃和不可燃烟草的使用流行率，并报告尼古丁依赖、戒烟动机以及首选的戒烟方法的流行率。年龄在18 - 24岁（平均年龄 = 20.13岁，标准差 = 1.16岁）且正在从寄养状态过渡的年轻人（N = 154）完成了一项根据《烟草与健康人口评估基线调查》改编的烟草产品使用情况调查。大多数参与者（76%）报告有终生使用可燃香烟的经历，而近一半（42%）是当前的可燃香烟吸烟者。电子烟的当前使用率与普通人群相当。许多参与者（76%）表示有戒烟意愿，并愿意尝试使用贴片/口香糖（56%）和基于技术的方法（61%）来戒烟。脱离寄养状态的年轻人吸烟及使用其他烟草产品以及产生依赖的风险很高，但很少接受使用情况筛查或被建议戒烟。由于烟草使用仍然是最可预防的死亡和发病原因之一，未来的工作应包括在儿童福利领域实施筛查，并根据这一人群的独特需求调整干预措施。当前的研究结果凸显了在这一弱势群体中促进公共卫生方面错失的一个机会。
