Zhang P, Zhang J
Graduate School of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Apr 10;38(4):424-430. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.04.003.
To analyze the current situation on infectious diarrhea other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid (hereinafter referred to as Other Infectious Diarrheal Diseases) under the current monitoring program in China from 2014 to 2015, to provide evidence for developing strategies related to the control of these diseases. All the reported infectious diarrhea cases and information on public health emergencies relevant to infectious diarrhea were collected from the "Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention" . Analytic method was carried out to describe the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of all the infectious diarrhea cases. In 2014, a total of 867 545 infectious diarrhea cases were reported, with the incidence rate as 64.0/100 000. While in 2015, a total of 937 616 infectious diarrhea cases were reported, and the incidence rate was 68.8/100 000. Cases distributed in all provinces of the country, with incidence rates between 3.8/100 000 and 506.7/100 000. Cases involved in all the age groups, with 53.7 (968 984/1 805 161) of the total reported cases below 5 years of age. Reported cases showed two peaks of incidence, in summer (from June to August) and winter (from November to next January). Laboratory-confirmed cases accounted for 9.5 (82 285/867 545) of the total and 9.3(86 975/937 616) of the cases reported in 2014 and 2015 respectively. Among cases reported in the two years, viral infection accounted for 92.4(76 045/82 285) and 91.0 (79 176/86 975) while bacterial infection accounted for 7.4 (6 062/82 285) and 8.8 (7 614/86 975), respectively. Among the death cases, only three were laboratory confirmed, with two of them caused by rotavirus. Children under 5 years old appeared both higher incidence and mortalities for infectious diarrhea. Most laboratory-confirmed cases were viral-born, with pathogenic spectrums varied in different provinces. Capabilities related to testing and case-reporting on infectious diarrheal diseases differed greatly among areas that called for urgent improvement.
分析2014 - 2015年我国现行监测方案下除霍乱、痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的感染性腹泻（以下简称其他感染性腹泻病）的发病现状，为制定相关疾病防控策略提供依据。从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”收集所有报告的感染性腹泻病例及与感染性腹泻相关的突发公共卫生事件信息。采用分析方法描述所有感染性腹泻病例的病原学及流行病学特征。2014年共报告感染性腹泻病例867545例，发病率为64.0/10万。2015年共报告937616例，发病率为68.8/10万。病例分布于全国各省，发病率在3.8/10万至506.7/10万之间。病例涉及所有年龄组，5岁以下儿童占报告病例总数的53.7%（968984/1805161）。报告病例发病有两个高峰，分别在夏季（6 - 8月）和冬季（11月至次年1月）。实验室确诊病例分别占2014年和2015年报告病例总数的9.5%（82285/867545）和9.3%（86975/937616）。在两年报告的病例中，病毒感染分别占92.4%（76045/82285）和91.0%（79176/86975），细菌感染分别占7.4%（6062/82285）和8.8%（7614/86975）。死亡病例中仅3例为实验室确诊，其中2例由轮状病毒引起。5岁以下儿童感染性腹泻发病率和死亡率均较高。多数实验室确诊病例为病毒感染，不同省份病原谱有所不同。不同地区感染性腹泻病检测及病例报告能力差异较大，亟待提高。
