Seven Memnun, Bağcivan Gülcan, Akyuz Aygul, Bölükbaş Ferdağ
School of Nursing, Koç University, Davutpasa caddesi No:4, Topkapi, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey.
Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
J Cancer Educ. 2018 Aug;33(4):915-921. doi: 10.1007/s13187-017-1226-3.
The aims of this study are to assess knowledge of inheritance characteristics of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies and to determine risk perception and the factors affecting risk perception of women with family history. There is a gap in our understanding of risk perception and knowledge of genetic aspect of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies in women with a family history of breast cancer. The study design is descriptive cross-sectional study. Between January 2015 and 2016 at a training and research hospital in Turkey, 117 women who were the first- and second-degree relatives of breast cancer patients were included in the study. Perceived risk scale, cancer worry chart, and a knowledge assessment form were used to collect data. Of the women, 34.1% were first-degree relatives of a breast cancer patient, and knowledge score was 6.9 ± 2.19 out of 11. Almost half of the women (41.9%) moderately worry about the chances of getting breast cancer, and half of the women (51.3%) ranked their perceived risk as moderate (26-50% out of 100%). There is a significant difference between the perceived risk and educational level, having genetic testing, and a significant relationship between the perceived risk and worry level of women. However, breast cancer screening behavior was not affected by risk perception. The knowledge of women regarding inheritance characteristics of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies was moderate, but still majority of women have moderate or higher level of risk perception and are worried about getting breast cancer. Therefore, interventions should be planned to reduce worry and to increase risk reduction strategies such as screening and other health behaviors in women at risk for breast-ovarian cancer.
本研究的目的是评估乳腺癌遗传特征及风险降低策略的知识，并确定有家族病史女性的风险认知以及影响其风险认知的因素。我们对有乳腺癌家族病史女性的风险认知以及乳腺癌遗传方面和风险降低策略的知识了解存在差距。研究设计为描述性横断面研究。2015年1月至2016年期间，在土耳其一家培训和研究医院，117名乳腺癌患者的一级和二级亲属被纳入研究。使用感知风险量表、癌症担忧图表和知识评估表收集数据。这些女性中，34.1%是乳腺癌患者的一级亲属，知识得分在11分中为6.9±2.19分。几乎一半的女性（41.9%）对患乳腺癌的可能性中度担忧，一半的女性（51.3%）将其感知风险评为中度（100分中的26 - 50%）。女性的感知风险与教育水平、是否进行基因检测之间存在显著差异，且感知风险与女性的担忧程度之间存在显著关系。然而，乳腺癌筛查行为不受风险认知的影响。女性对乳腺癌遗传特征和风险降低策略的知识掌握程度中等，但仍有大多数女性有中度或更高水平的风险认知，并担心患乳腺癌。因此，应制定干预措施，以减少担忧，并增加有乳腺癌 -卵巢癌风险女性的筛查等风险降低策略及其他健康行为。
