Koziel Jacek A, Frana Timothy S, Ahn Heekwon, Glanville Thomas D, Nguyen Lam T, van Leeuwen J Hans
Dept. of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Dept. of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 May 5;12(5):e0176825. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176825. eCollection 2017.
Managing the disposal of infectious animal carcasses from routine and catastrophic disease outbreaks is a global concern. Recent research suggests that burial in lined and aerated trenches provides the rapid pathogen containment provided by burial, while reducing air and water pollution potential and the length of time that land is taken out of agricultural production. Survival of pathogens in the digestate remains a concern, however. A potential answer is a 'dual'-barrier approach in which ammonia is used as a secondary barrier treatment to reduce the risk of pathogen contamination when trench liners ultimately leak. Results of this study showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NH3 is 0.1 M (1,468 NH3-N mg/L), and 0.5 M NH3 (7,340 NH3-N mg/L) for ST4232 & MRSA43300, respectively at 24 h and pH = 9±0.1 and inactivation was increased by increasing NH3 concentration and/or treatment time. Results for digestate treated with NH3 were consistent with the MICs, and both pathogens were completely inactivated within 24 h.
管理常规和灾难性疾病爆发中感染性动物尸体的处理是一个全球关注的问题。最近的研究表明，在有衬里和通风的沟渠中掩埋，既能提供掩埋所带来的快速病原体遏制效果，又能降低空气和水污染的可能性以及土地退出农业生产的时间长度。然而，病原体在沼液中的存活仍然是一个问题。一个潜在的解决方案是采用“双重”屏障方法，即当沟渠衬里最终泄漏时，使用氨作为二级屏障处理，以降低病原体污染的风险。这项研究的结果表明，在24小时、pH = 9±0.1的条件下，ST4232和MRSA43300的NH3最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为0.1 M（约1,468 NH3-N mg/L）和0.5 M NH3（约7,340 NH3-N mg/L），并且通过增加NH3浓度和/或处理时间，灭活效果会增强用NH3处理沼液的结果与MIC一致，两种病原体在24小时内均被完全灭活。
