Kuol Nyanbol, Stojanovska Lily, Nurgali Kulmira, Apostolopoulos Vasso
Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14426, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14426, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
Maturitas. 2017 Nov;105:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.04.014. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
The immune system plays an essential role in the tumor progression; not only can it inhibit tumor growth but it can also promote tumor growth by establishing a favorable environment. Tumor cells utilize several strategies to evade the host's immune system, including expression of immunosuppressive molecules such as PD-L1, IDO and siglec-9. In addition, tumor cells not only regulate the recruitment and development of immunosuppressive forces to influence the tumor microenvironment but also shift the phenotype and function of normal immune cells from a possibly anti-tumor state to a pro-tumor state. As a result, tumor cells evade the host's immune system, leading to metastasis and/or recurrent disease.
免疫系统在肿瘤进展中起着至关重要的作用；它不仅可以抑制肿瘤生长，还可以通过营造有利环境来促进肿瘤生长。肿瘤细胞利用多种策略逃避免疫系统，包括表达免疫抑制分子，如程序性死亡受体配体1（PD-L1）、吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶（IDO）和唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素9（siglec-9）。此外，肿瘤细胞不仅调控免疫抑制力量的募集和发育以影响肿瘤微环境，还将正常免疫细胞的表型和功能从可能的抗肿瘤状态转变为促肿瘤状态。结果，肿瘤细胞逃避免疫系统，导致转移和/或疾病复发。
