Bener A, Saleh N M, Bakir A, Bhugra D
Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2016 Jul-Aug;6(4):224-231. doi: 10.4103/amhsr.amhsr_341_15.
The association between depression, anxiety, and stress among Arab menopause and postmenopausal women have been explored in detailed.
The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between depression, anxiety, and stress in menopausal and postmenopausal women and shedding more light on a complex relationship.
A cross-sectional descriptive study was used to generate menopause symptoms experienced by Arabian women at the primary health care centers in Qatar. A representative sample of 1468 women aged 45-65 years were approached during July 2012 and May 2014 and 1101 women agreed to participate (75.0%) and responded to the study. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21. Data on body mass index (BMI), clinical and other parameters were used. Univariate, multivariate, and matrix correlation analysis were performed for statistical analysis.
A total of 1101 women agreed to participate after informed consent was obtained. The mean age and standard deviation (SD) of the menopausal age were 49.55 (3.12), the mean and SD of postmenopausal age was 58.08 (3.26) ( < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences between menopausal stages with regards to age, ethnicity, educational status, occupation status, and place of living. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between menopausal stages with regards to BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), Vitamin D deficiency, and diseases. Depression and anxiety were more common among postmenopause women. Furthermore, there were no differences between the groups regarding the frequency of certain levels of stress among menopause and postmenopause. The multivariate regression analyses revealed that age in years, diastolic BP, consanguinity, regular exercise were a predictor for depression. Meanwhile, diastolic BP, occupation, and physical activity considered the main risk factors for anxiety. Furthermore, age in years, occupation, and sheesha smoking habits were considered as the main risk factors associated with stress.
A large number of factors were associated with experiencing menopausal and psycho-social problems and which had negative effects on the quality of life among Arabian women. Depression, anxiety, and stress should be considered as important risk factors for osteoporosis.
阿拉伯绝经及绝经后女性的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的关联已得到详细探究。
本研究的目的是确定绝经及绝经后女性的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的相关性，并进一步阐明这种复杂关系。
采用横断面描述性研究来了解卡塔尔初级卫生保健中心的阿拉伯女性所经历的绝经症状。在2012年7月至2014年5月期间，对1468名年龄在45 - 65岁的女性进行抽样，1101名女性同意参与（75.0%）并对研究做出回应。使用抑郁焦虑压力量表21来测量抑郁、焦虑和压力。使用了关于体重指数（BMI）、临床及其他参数的数据。进行单变量、多变量和矩阵相关性分析以进行统计分析。
在获得知情同意后，共有1101名女性同意参与。绝经年龄的平均年龄和标准差（SD）为49.55（3.12），绝经后年龄的平均年龄和SD为58.08（3.26）（<0.001）。绝经阶段在年龄、种族、教育程度、职业状况和居住地点方面存在统计学上的显著差异。此外，绝经阶段在BMI、收缩压和舒张压（BP）、维生素D缺乏和疾病方面也存在统计学上的显著差异。抑郁和焦虑在绝经后女性中更为常见。此外，绝经和绝经后女性在某些压力水平的频率上没有差异。多变量回归分析显示，年龄（岁）、舒张压、近亲结婚、规律运动是抑郁的预测因素。同时，舒张压、职业和身体活动被认为是焦虑的主要风险因素。此外，年龄（岁）、职业和水烟吸食习惯被认为是与压力相关的主要风险因素。
大量因素与经历绝经及心理社会问题相关，这些问题对阿拉伯女性的生活质量有负面影响。抑郁、焦虑和压力应被视为骨质疏松症的重要风险因素。
