PrabhuDas Mercy R, Baldwin Cynthia L, Bollyky Paul L, Bowdish Dawn M E, Drickamer Kurt, Febbraio Maria, Herz Joachim, Kobzik Lester, Krieger Monty, Loike John, McVicker Benita, Means Terry K, Moestrup Soren K, Post Steven R, Sawamura Tatsuya, Silverstein Samuel, Speth Robert C, Telfer Janice C, Thiele Geoffrey M, Wang Xiang-Yang, Wright Samuel D, El Khoury Joseph
Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852;
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.
J Immunol. 2017 May 15;198(10):3775-3789. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700373.
Scavenger receptors constitute a large family of proteins that are structurally diverse and participate in a wide range of biological functions. These receptors are expressed predominantly by myeloid cells and recognize a diverse variety of ligands including endogenous and modified host-derived molecules and microbial pathogens. There are currently eight classes of scavenger receptors, many of which have multiple names, leading to inconsistencies and confusion in the literature. To address this problem, a workshop was organized by the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, to help develop a clear definition of scavenger receptors and a standardized nomenclature based on that definition. Fifteen experts in the scavenger receptor field attended the workshop and, after extensive discussion, reached a consensus regarding the definition of scavenger receptors and a proposed scavenger receptor nomenclature. Scavenger receptors were defined as cell surface receptors that typically bind multiple ligands and promote the removal of nonself or altered-self targets. They often function by mechanisms that include endocytosis, phagocytosis, adhesion, and signaling that ultimately lead to the elimination of degraded or harmful substances. Based on this definition, nomenclature and classification of these receptors into 10 classes were proposed. This classification was discussed at three national meetings and input from participants at these meetings was requested. The following manuscript is a consensus statement that combines the recommendations of the initial workshop and incorporates the input received from the participants at the three national meetings.
清道夫受体构成了一个结构多样的蛋白质大家族，参与广泛的生物学功能。这些受体主要由髓系细胞表达，可识别多种配体，包括内源性和修饰的宿主衍生分子以及微生物病原体。目前有八类清道夫受体，其中许多有多个名称，导致文献中存在不一致和混淆。为解决这一问题，美国国立卫生研究院国家过敏和传染病研究所组织了一次研讨会，以帮助明确清道夫受体的定义，并基于该定义制定标准化命名法。清道夫受体领域的15位专家参加了此次研讨会，经过广泛讨论，就清道夫受体的定义和提议的清道夫受体命名法达成了共识。清道夫受体被定义为通常结合多种配体并促进清除非自身或改变的自身靶标的细胞表面受体。它们通常通过包括内吞作用、吞噬作用、黏附作用和信号传导等机制发挥作用，最终导致降解或有害物质的清除。基于这一定义，提议将这些受体命名并分类为10类。这一分类在三次全国性会议上进行了讨论，并征求了这些会议参与者的意见。以下手稿是一份共识声明，结合了最初研讨会的建议，并纳入了三次全国性会议参与者的意见。
