Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom.
J Strength Cond Res. 2018 May;32(5):1440-1447. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001986.
Fernandes, JFT, Lamb, KL, and Twist, C. A comparison of load-velocity and load-power relationships between well-trained young and middle-aged males during 3 popular resistance exercises. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1440-1447, 2018-This study examined the load-velocity and load-power relationships among 20 young (age 21.0 ± 1.6 years) and 20 middle-aged (age 42.6 ± 6.7 years) resistance-trained males. Participants performed 3 repetitions of bench press, squat, and bent-over-row across a range of loads corresponding to 20-80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Analysis revealed effects (p < 0.05) of group and load × group on barbell velocity for all 3 exercises, and interaction effects on power for squat and bent-over-row (p < 0.05). For bench press and bent-over-row, the young group produced higher barbell velocities, with the magnitude of the differences decreasing as load increased (ES; effect size 0.0-1.7 and 1.0-2.0, respectively). Squat velocity was higher in the young group than the middle-aged group (ES 1.0-1.7) across all loads, as was power for each exercise (ES 1.0-2.3). For all 3 exercises, both velocity and 1RM were correlated with optimal power in the middle-aged group (r = 0.613-0.825, p < 0.05), but only 1RM was correlated with optimal power (r = 0.708-0.867, p < 0.05) in the young group. These findings indicate that despite their resistance training, middle-aged males were unable to achieve velocities at low external loads and power outputs as high as the young males across a range of external resistances. Moreover, the strong correlations between 1RM and velocity with optimal power suggest that middle-aged males would benefit from training methods which maximize these adaptations.
费尔南德斯、JFT、兰姆、KL 和特威斯特，C. 三种流行的抗阻训练中，优秀年轻和中年男性的负荷-速度和负荷-功率关系比较。《体力活动与锻炼中的健康期刊》32（5）：1440-1447，2018-本研究考察了 20 名年轻（年龄 21.0 ± 1.6 岁）和 20 名中年（年龄 42.6 ± 6.7 岁）抗阻训练男性在 3 种不同负荷下的负荷-速度和负荷-功率关系，负荷范围对应于 1 次重复最大重量（1RM）的 20-80%。分析显示，组间和负荷×组间对所有 3 种运动的杠铃速度都有影响（p<0.05），对深蹲和俯身划船的功率有交互作用（p<0.05）。在卧推和俯身划船中，年轻组产生的杠铃速度更高，随着负荷的增加，差异的幅度减小（ES，效应量 0.0-1.7 和 1.0-2.0）。在所有负荷下，年轻组的深蹲速度都高于中年组（ES 1.0-1.7），每个运动的功率也是如此（ES 1.0-2.3）。对于所有 3 种运动，中年组的速度和 1RM 都与最佳功率相关（r=0.613-0.825，p<0.05），而年轻组仅 1RM 与最佳功率相关（r=0.708-0.867，p<0.05）。这些发现表明，尽管中年男性进行了抗阻训练，但在一系列外部阻力下，他们无法达到低外部负荷的速度和与年轻男性一样高的功率输出。此外，1RM 和速度与最佳功率之间的强相关性表明，中年男性将受益于最大限度提高这些适应能力的训练方法。
