University of Ottawa, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, 850 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada.
University of Ottawa, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, 850 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; University of Pennsylvania, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Epidemics. 2017 Sep;20:1-20. doi: 10.1016/j.epidem.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Apr 30.
The goal of this review was to examine the effectiveness of personal protective measures in preventing pandemic influenza transmission in human populations. We collected primary studies from Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and grey literature. Where appropriate, random effects meta-analyses were conducted using inverse variance statistical calculations. Meta-analyses suggest that regular hand hygiene provided a significant protective effect (OR=0.62; 95% CI 0.52-0.73; I=0%), and facemask use provided a non-significant protective effect (OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.16-1.71; I=48%) against 2009 pandemic influenza infection. These interventions may therefore be effective at limiting transmission during future pandemics. PROSPERO Registration: 42016039896.
本次综述的目的在于检验个人防护措施在预防大流行性流感在人群中的传播的有效性。我们从 Medline、Embase、PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、CINAHL 和灰色文献中收集了原始研究。在适当的情况下，采用逆方差统计计算法进行了随机效应荟萃分析。荟萃分析表明，经常进行手部卫生可提供显著的保护作用（OR=0.62；95%CI 0.52-0.73；I=0%），而戴口罩的使用对预防 2009 年大流行性流感感染的保护效果不显著（OR=0.53；95%CI 0.16-1.71；I=48%）。因此，这些干预措施可能在未来的大流行中限制传播。PROSPERO 注册：42016039896。
