Lasser Karen E, Lunze Karsten, Cheng Debbie M, Blokhina Elena, Walley Alexander Y, Tindle Hilary A, Quinn Emily, Gnatienko Natalia, Krupitsky Evgeny, Samet Jeffrey H
Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health/Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Feb 6;13(2):e0189207. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189207. eCollection 2018.
Globally, persons with HIV infection, depression and substance use disorders have a higher smoking prevalence and smoke more heavily than other populations. These associations have not been explored among Russian smokers with HIV infection and substance use disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the presence of depressive symptoms and smoking outcomes in an HIV-positive cohort of Russian smokers with a history of substance use disorders (alcohol and/or drug use disorders).
We performed a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of a cohort of HIV-positive regular smokers with a history of substance use disorders recruited in St. Petersburg, Russia in 2012-2015. The primary outcome was heavy smoking, defined as smoking > 20 cigarettes per day. Nicotine dependence (moderate-very high) was a secondary outcome. The main independent variable was a high level of depressive symptoms in the past 7 days (defined as CES-D > = 24). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between depressive symptoms and the outcomes, controlling for age, sex, education, income, running out of money for housing/food, injection drug use, and alcohol use measured by the AUDIT.
Among 309 regular smokers, 79 participants (25.6%) had high levels of depressive symptoms, and 65 participants (21.0%) were heavy smokers. High levels of depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with heavy smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.50, 95% CI 0.78-2.89) or with moderate-very high levels of nicotine dependence (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 0.75-2.41).
This study did not detect an association between depressive symptoms and smoking outcomes among HIV-positive regular smokers in Russia.
在全球范围内，感染艾滋病毒、患有抑郁症和物质使用障碍的人群吸烟率高于其他人群，且吸烟量更大。在俄罗斯感染艾滋病毒且患有物质使用障碍的吸烟者中，尚未对这些关联进行研究。本研究的目的是在有物质使用障碍（酒精和/或药物使用障碍）病史的俄罗斯艾滋病毒阳性吸烟者队列中，研究抑郁症状的存在与吸烟结果之间的关系。
我们对2012年至2015年在俄罗斯圣彼得堡招募的有物质使用障碍病史的艾滋病毒阳性常吸烟者队列进行了横断面二次数据分析。主要结局是重度吸烟，定义为每天吸烟超过20支。尼古丁依赖（中度 - 非常高）是次要结局。主要自变量是过去7天内的高水平抑郁症状（定义为CES - D >= 24）。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来研究抑郁症状与结局之间的关联，并控制年龄、性别、教育程度、收入、住房/食物资金短缺、注射吸毒以及通过AUDIT测量的酒精使用情况。
在309名常吸烟者中，79名参与者（25.6%）有高水平的抑郁症状，65名参与者（21.0%）是重度吸烟者。高水平的抑郁症状与重度吸烟（调整后的优势比[aOR]为1.50，95%置信区间为0.78 - 2.89）或中度 - 非常高的尼古丁依赖水平（aOR为1.35，95%置信区间为0.75 - 2.41）均无显著关联。
本研究未发现俄罗斯艾滋病毒阳性常吸烟者中抑郁症状与吸烟结果之间存在关联。
