Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, China.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Aug;227:534-542. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.076. Epub 2017 May 9.
Chloropicrin (CP) is a potential alternative for methyl bromide as a soil fumigant given that the use of methyl bromide has become limited. However, little is known about how fumigation with CP affects the condition of the soil microbial community. In this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR were combined to investigate the effect of CP on soil bacterial community. In total, 938,922 effective reads were obtained from 18 samples and clustered into 58,662 operational taxonomic units at a similarity cut-off of 97%. Both approaches showed that the primary structure of bacterial community in soil did not significantly change at the phylum level after fumigation, but CP had a significant impact on the abundance of the bacterial microbiome that was recovered and identified. Additionally, bacterial community diversity decreased significantly, and there was a shift in the predominant populations. Staphylococcus, Actinomadura, Acinetobacter and Streptomyces significantly decreased in number or disappeared, and Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Pseudoalteromonas, Colwellia, Idiomarina and Cobetia became the new predominant populations. In addition, some species associated with biodegradation, such as Sphingomonas spp. and Rhodococcus spp., significantly increased in number. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were significantly inhibited, yet the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) significantly increased, and denitrification was significantly promoted. These changes in bacterial flora can considerably impact soil function and health and lead to negative effects on the environment surrounding fumigated soils, indicating the need for proactive risk management. Our study provides useful information for environmental safety assessments of CP in China.
氯化苦（CP）是一种替代甲基溴的潜在土壤熏蒸剂，因为甲基溴的使用已受到限制。然而，人们对 CP 熏蒸如何影响土壤微生物群落的状况知之甚少。在这项研究中，采用 16S rRNA 扩增子测序和定量 PCR 相结合的方法来研究 CP 对土壤细菌群落的影响。总共从 18 个样本中获得了 938,922 条有效读数，并在相似度为 97%的截断值下聚类为 58,662 个操作分类单元。两种方法均表明，熏蒸后土壤细菌群落的主要结构在门水平上没有显著改变，但 CP 对细菌微生物组的丰度有显著影响，并恢复和鉴定了这些微生物。此外，细菌群落多样性显著降低，优势种群发生变化。葡萄球菌属、放线菌属、不动杆菌属和链霉菌属的数量显著减少或消失，而拟杆菌属、lachnoclostridium、假交替单胞菌属、科尔维亚属、伊迪奥马拉纳属和科贝特属成为新的优势种群。此外，一些与生物降解相关的物种，如鞘氨醇单胞菌属和 rhodococcus 属，数量显著增加。氨氧化古菌（AOA）的丰度受到显著抑制，而氨氧化细菌（AOB）的丰度显著增加，反硝化作用显著增强。这些细菌菌群的变化会极大地影响土壤功能和健康，并对熏蒸土壤周围的环境产生负面影响，表明需要进行积极的风险管理。我们的研究为中国 CP 的环境安全评估提供了有用的信息。
