挪威父母的时间稀缺、社会人口统计学相关因素与超加工食品消费之间的关联：一项横断面研究。
The association between time scarcity, sociodemographic correlates and consumption of ultra-processed foods among parents in Norway: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Djupegot Ingrid Laukeland, Nenseth Camilla Bengtson, Bere Elling, Bjørnarå Helga Birgit Torgeirsdotter, Helland Sissel Heidi, Øverby Nina Cecilie, Torstveit Monica Klungland, Stea Tonje Holte
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2017 May 15;17(1):447. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4408-3.
BACKGROUND
Use of ultra-processed foods has expanded rapidly over the last decades and high consumption has been positively associated with risk of e.g. overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Ultra-processed foods offer convenience as they require minimal time for preparation. It is therefore reasonable to assume that such foods are consumed more often among people who experience time scarcity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the association between time scarcity and consumption of ultra-processed foods among parents of 2-year olds in Norway. A secondary aim was to investigate the association between sociodemographic correlates, weight status and consumption of ultra-processed foods.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 497 participants. Chi-square and cross tabulations were used to calculate proportions of high vs. low consumption of ultra-processed foods in relation to time scarcity, sociodemographic correlates and weight status. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to test the relationship between independent variables and consumption of ultra-processed foods.
RESULTS
Participants reporting medium and high time scarcity were more likely to have a high consumption of ultra-processed dinner products (OR = 3. 68, 95% CI = 2. 32-5.84 and OR = 3.10, 1.80-5.35, respectively) and fast foods (OR = 2.60, 1.62-4.18 and OR = 1.90, 1.08-3.32, respectively) compared to those with low time scarcity. Further, participants with medium time scarcity were more likely to have a high consumption of snacks and soft drinks compared to participants with low time scarcity (OR = 1.63, 1.06-2.49). Finally, gender, ethnicity, educational level, number of children in the household and weight status were identified as important factors associated with the consumption of certain types of ultra-processed foods.
CONCLUSIONS
Results from the present study showed that time scarcity, various sociodemographic factors and weight status was associated with consumption of processed foods. Future studies with a longitudinal design are needed to further explore these patterns over a longer period of time.
背景
在过去几十年中，超加工食品的消费迅速增长，高消费与超重、肥胖和2型糖尿病等风险呈正相关。超加工食品提供了便利，因为它们所需的准备时间最少。因此，有理由假设，在时间紧张的人群中，这类食品的消费更为频繁。本研究的主要目的是调查挪威两岁幼儿父母的时间紧张与超加工食品消费之间的关联。次要目的是调查社会人口统计学相关因素、体重状况与超加工食品消费之间的关联。
方法
这项横断面研究纳入了497名参与者。使用卡方检验和交叉表来计算与时间紧张、社会人口统计学相关因素和体重状况相关的超加工食品高消费与低消费的比例。进行二元逻辑回归分析以检验自变量与超加工食品消费之间的关系。
结果
报告中度和高度时间紧张的参与者与时间紧张程度低的参与者相比，更有可能大量消费超加工晚餐产品（比值比分别为3.68，95%置信区间为2.32 - 5.84和比值比为3.10，1.80 - 5.35）和快餐（比值比分别为2.60，1.62 - 4.18和比值比为1.90，1.08 - 3.32）。此外，与时间紧张程度低的参与者相比，中度时间紧张的参与者更有可能大量消费零食和软饮料（比值比为1.63，1.06 - 2.49）。最后，性别、种族、教育水平、家庭子女数量和体重状况被确定为与某些类型超加工食品消费相关的重要因素。
结论
本研究结果表明，时间紧张、各种社会人口统计学因素和体重状况与加工食品的消费有关。需要进行纵向设计的未来研究，以在更长时间内进一步探索这些模式。
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