Mikulski D, Juskiewicz J, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Sosnowska E, Slominski B A, Jankowski J, Zdunczyk Z
1Department of Poultry Science,University of Warmia and Mazury,Oczapowskiego 5,10-718 Olsztyn,Poland.
2Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research,Polish Academy of Sciences,Tuwima 10,10-747 Olsztyn,Poland.
Animal. 2017 Dec;11(12):2147-2155. doi: 10.1017/S175173111700101X. Epub 2017 May 16.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary replacement of soya bean meal (SBM) with faba bean (FB) and a blend of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzymes on the gastrointestinal function, growth performance and welfare of young turkeys (1 to 56 days of age). An experiment with a 2×2 factorial design was performed to compare the efficacy of four diets: a SBM-based diet and a diet containing FB, with and without enzyme supplementation (C, FB, CE and FBE, respectively). In comparison with groups C, higher dry matter content and lower viscosity of the small intestinal digesta were noted in groups FB. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the small intestinal digesta was higher in groups FB, but SCFA concentrations in the caecal digesta were comparable in groups C and FB. In comparison with control groups, similar BW gains, higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), higher dry matter content of excreta and milder symptoms of footpad dermatitis (FPD) were noted in groups FB. Enzyme supplementation increased the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs, but it did not increase the SCFA pool in the caecal digesta. The enzymatic preparation significantly improved FCR, reduced excreta hydration and the severity of FPD in turkeys. It can be concluded that in comparison with the SBM-based diet, the diet containing 30% of FB enables to achieve comparable BW gains accompanied by lower feed efficiency during the first 8 weeks of rearing. Non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes can be used to improve the nutritional value of diets for young turkeys, but more desirable results of enzyme supplementation were noted in the SBM-based diet than in the FB-based diet.
本研究旨在探讨用蚕豆（FB）替代豆粕（SBM）以及添加非淀粉多糖（NSP）降解酶对幼火鸡（1至56日龄）胃肠功能、生长性能和健康状况的影响。进行了一项2×2析因设计实验，比较四种日粮的效果：以SBM为基础的日粮和含FB的日粮，分别添加和不添加酶（分别为C、FB、CE和FBE）。与C组相比，FB组小肠食糜的干物质含量较高，粘度较低。FB组小肠食糜中短链脂肪酸（SCFA）含量较高，但盲肠食糜中SCFA浓度在C组和FB组相当。与对照组相比，FB组体重增加相似，饲料转化率（FCR）较高，排泄物干物质含量较高，脚垫皮炎（FPD）症状较轻。添加酶增加了乙酸、丁酸和总SCFA的浓度，但未增加盲肠食糜中的SCFA总量。酶制剂显著改善了火鸡的FCR，降低了排泄物含水量和FPD的严重程度。可以得出结论，与以SBM为基础的日粮相比，含30%FB的日粮在育雏的前8周能够实现相当的体重增加，但饲料效率较低。非淀粉多糖降解酶可用于提高幼火鸡日粮的营养价值，但在以SBM为基础的日粮中添加酶的效果比在以FB为基础的日粮中更理想。
