Amin-Esmaeili Masoumeh, Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin, Sharifi Vandad, Hajebi Ahmad, Mojtabai Ramin, Radgoodarzi Reza, Hefazi Mitra, Motevalian Abbas
Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.
Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Jul 1;176:48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.02.018. Epub 2017 May 10.
For nearly four decades, alcohol production and consumption has been banned in the Islamic country of Iran. However, little is known about the extent of alcohol use and associated problems in the country. The paper aims to present findings on the 12-month prevalence, symptoms, severity, correlates, and comorbidity of alcohol use disorders in the Iranian population.
This report is based on the 2011 Iranian household Mental Health survey (IranMHS), a nationally representative face-to-face household survey with a multi-stage, cluster sampling design. A total of 7840 individuals aged 15-64 responded to the alcohol section. We assessed 12-month alcohol use disorders according to DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria and harmful use according to the ICD-10 criteria.
Weighted prevalence of using alcohol at least once in the past 12 months was 5.7%. The prevalence of 12-month alcohol use disorders was 1% according to DSM-IV criteria and 1.3% according to DSM-5. Harmful use was reported in 0.6%. Alcohol use disorders were markedly more common in men than women with an odds ratio (OR) of 13.3. It was also more prevalent in never-married versus married individuals (OR=2.5) and in those living in urban versus rural areas (OR=2.4). Among those with alcohol use disorders, 46.3% had a concurrent mood or anxiety disorder. Aggressive behaviors and injuries were more likely in those with alcohol use disorders.
Although Iran has a low level of alcohol use, its adverse consequences including use disorders, aggression, and injuries are moderately common and raise serious public health concerns.
近四十年来，伊朗这个伊斯兰国家一直禁止酒精生产和消费。然而，该国酒精使用的程度及相关问题却鲜为人知。本文旨在呈现伊朗人群中酒精使用障碍的12个月患病率、症状、严重程度、相关因素及共病情况的研究结果。
本报告基于2011年伊朗家庭心理健康调查（IranMHS），这是一项具有全国代表性的面对面家庭调查，采用多阶段整群抽样设计。共有7840名15 - 64岁的个体回答了有关酒精的问题。我们根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM - IV）和第五版（DSM - 5）标准评估12个月酒精使用障碍情况，并根据国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）标准评估有害使用情况。
过去12个月中至少饮酒一次的加权患病率为5.7%。根据DSM - IV标准，12个月酒精使用障碍的患病率为1%，根据DSM - 5为1.3%。报告有害使用情况的比例为0.6%。酒精使用障碍在男性中明显比女性更常见，优势比（OR）为13.3。在未婚者与已婚者中（OR = 2.5）以及城市居民与农村居民中（OR = 2.4）也更普遍。在患有酒精使用障碍的人群中，46.3%同时患有情绪或焦虑障碍。有酒精使用障碍的人更易出现攻击性行为和受伤情况。
尽管伊朗的酒精使用水平较低，但其包括使用障碍、攻击行为和受伤在内的不良后果较为常见，引发了严重的公共卫生问题。
