Smith Joseph, DePhillipo Nick, Kimura Iris, Kocher Morgan, Hetzler Ronald
University of Hawaii Manoa Department of Kinesiology & Rehabilitation Science, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Apr;12(2):206-218.
Due to the high number of adolescent athletes and subsequent lower extremity injuries, improvements of injury prevention strategies with emphasis on clinic-based and practical assessments are warranted.
The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate if a battery of functional performance tests (FPT) could be used as a preseason-screening tool to identify adolescent athletes at risk for sports-related acute lower extremity injury via comparison of injured and uninjured subjects.
One hundred adolescent volleyball, basketball and soccer athletes (female, n=62; male, n=38; mean age = 14.4 ± 1.6) participated. The FPT assessment included: triple hop for distance, star excursion balance test, double leg lowering maneuver, drop jump video test, and multi-stage fitness test. Composite scores were calculated using a derived equation. Subjects were monitored throughout their designated sport season(s), which consisted of a six-month surveillance period. The schools certified athletic trainer (ATC) recorded all injuries. Subjects were categorized into groups according to sex and injury incidence (acute lower extremity injury vs. uninjured) for analysis.
Mean FPT composite scores were significantly lower for the injured compared to the uninjured groups in both sexes (males: 19.06 ± 3.59 vs. 21.90 ± 2.44; females: 19.48 ± 3.35 vs. 22.10 ± 3.06 injured and uninjured, respectively)( < .05). The receiver-operator characteristic analysis determined the cut-off score at ≤ 20 for both genders (sensitivity=.71, specificity=.81, for males; sensitivity=.67, specificity=.69, for females)(<.05) for acute noncontact lower extremity injuries. Significant positive correlations were found between the FPT composite score and the multi-stage fitness test in male subjects (r=.474, =.003), suggesting a relationship between functional performance, aerobic capacity, and potential injury risk.
A comprehensive assessment of functional performance tests may be beneficial to identify high-injury risk adolescents prior to athletic participation.
由于青少年运动员数量众多以及随之而来的下肢损伤，有必要改进预防损伤策略，重点是基于临床的实际评估。
本研究的目的是通过比较受伤和未受伤的受试者，前瞻性地调查一系列功能性能测试（FPT）是否可以用作季前筛查工具，以识别有与运动相关的急性下肢损伤风险的青少年运动员。
100名青少年排球、篮球和足球运动员（女性，n = 62；男性，n = 38；平均年龄 = 14.4 ± 1.6）参与了研究。FPT评估包括：立定三级跳远、星形偏移平衡测试、双腿下蹲动作、纵跳视频测试和多级体能测试。使用推导公式计算综合得分。在整个指定的运动赛季对受试者进行监测，该赛季包括为期六个月的监测期。学校认证的运动训练师（ATC）记录所有损伤情况。根据性别和损伤发生率（急性下肢损伤与未受伤）将受试者分组进行分析。
在男女两组中，受伤组的平均FPT综合得分均显著低于未受伤组（男性：受伤组为19.06 ± 3.59，未受伤组为21.90 ± 2.44；女性：受伤组为19.48 ± 3.35，未受伤组为22.10 ± 3.06）（P <.05）。受试者工作特征分析确定两性急性非接触性下肢损伤的临界值均≤20（男性：敏感性 =.７1，特异性 =.81；女性：敏感性 =.67，特异性 =.69）（P <.05）。在男性受试者中，FPT综合得分与多级体能测试之间存在显著正相关（r =.474，P =.003），表明功能性能、有氧运动能力和潜在损伤风险之间存在关联。
对功能性能测试进行全面评估可能有助于在青少年参加运动前识别高损伤风险个体。
