Walliczek-Dworschak Ute, Cassel Werner, Mittendorf Luisa, Pellegrino Robert, Koehler Ulrich, Güldner Christian, Dworschak Philipp Otto Georg, Hildebrandt Olaf, Daniel Hanna, Günzel Thomas, Teymoortash Afshin, Hummel Thomas
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Marburg, University of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Sleep Disorder Unit of the Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Sleep Med. 2017 Jun;34:24-29. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.02.018. Epub 2017 Mar 14.
Recent studies have suggested that patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) might be affected by olfactory impairment. However, more evidence is needed on the effect that OSA has on the chemical senses (olfaction and gustatory) of these patients, and whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment might help to reverse possible impairment.
A prospective study was conducted with 44 OSA patients (17 female and 27 male, mean age 54 ± 9.9 years) who were diagnosed via polysomnography and eligible for CPAP treatment. Orthonasal olfactory and gustatory function was measured with the extended Sniffin' Sticks test battery and "taste strips," respectively, before and after CPAP treatment.
Baseline olfaction was decreased in OSA patients and after CPAP therapy olfactory scores (odor threshold-discrimination-identification score [TDI]: baseline 29.4 ± 4.11 after CPAP 32.3 ± 4.82; p = 0.001; odor threshold [THR]: baseline 5.28 ± 1.69 after CPAP 6.78 ± 2.61; p = 0.000; odor identification [ID]: baseline 12.9 ± 1.95 after CPAP 13.6 ± 1.33; p = 0.013) improved significantly. In contrast, neither baseline taste function in OSA patients nor gustatory function after treatment seemed to be affected.
Orthonasal olfactory function in patients with OSA improves under CPAP therapy; however, gustatory function is not impaired in OSA patients.
近期研究表明，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者可能受到嗅觉损害的影响。然而，关于OSA对这些患者化学感觉（嗅觉和味觉）的影响，以及持续气道正压通气（CPAP）治疗是否有助于逆转可能的损害，还需要更多证据。
对44例经多导睡眠图诊断且适合CPAP治疗的OSA患者（17例女性，27例男性，平均年龄54±9.9岁）进行了一项前瞻性研究。在CPAP治疗前后，分别使用扩展嗅棒测试组和“味觉条”测量经鼻嗅觉和味觉功能。
OSA患者的基线嗅觉降低，CPAP治疗后嗅觉评分（气味阈值-辨别-识别评分[TDI]：基线29.4±4.11，CPAP治疗后32.3±4.82；p = 0.001；气味阈值[THR]：基线5.28±1.69，CPAP治疗后6.78±2.61；p = 0.000；气味识别[ID]：基线12.9±1.95，CPAP治疗后13.6±1.33；p = 0.013）显著改善。相比之下，OSA患者的基线味觉功能和治疗后的味觉功能似乎均未受到影响。
OSA患者的经鼻嗅觉功能在CPAP治疗下有所改善；然而，OSA患者的味觉功能未受损。
