Department of Public Health Education, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA.
J Community Health. 2017 Dec;42(6):1118-1126. doi: 10.1007/s10900-017-0360-5.
Firearm violence remains a significant problem in the US (with 2787 adolescents killed in 2015). However, the research on school firearm violence prevention practices and policies is scant. Parents are major stakeholders in relation to firearm violence by youths and school safety in general. The purpose of this study was to examine what parents thought schools should be doing to reduce the risk of firearm violence in schools. A valid and reliable questionnaire was mailed to a national random sample of 600 parents who had at least one child enrolled in a public secondary school (response rate = 47%). Parents perceived inadequate parental monitoring/rearing practices (73%), peer harassment and/or bullying (58%), inadequate mental health care services for youth (54%), and easy access to guns (51%) as major causes of firearm violence in schools. The school policies perceived to be most effective in reducing firearm violence were installing an alert system in schools (70%), working with law enforcement to design an emergency response plan (70%), creating a comprehensive security plan (68%), requiring criminal background checks for all school personnel prior to hiring (67%), and implementing an anonymous system for students to report peer concerns regarding potential violence (67%). Parents seem to have a limited grasp of potentially effective interventions to reduce firearm violence.
枪支暴力仍然是美国的一个重大问题（2015 年有 2787 名青少年因此丧生）。然而，关于学校枪支暴力预防实践和政策的研究却很少。家长是青少年枪支暴力和学校安全的主要利益相关者。本研究旨在探讨家长认为学校应该采取哪些措施来降低学校枪支暴力的风险。一份有效且可靠的问卷寄给了全国范围内随机抽取的 600 名家长，这些家长至少有一名孩子在公立中学就读（回复率为 47%）。家长们认为父母监督/养育方式不足（73%）、同伴骚扰和/或欺凌（58%）、青少年心理健康服务不足（54%）以及枪支容易获得（51%）是导致学校枪支暴力的主要原因。家长们认为最能有效减少枪支暴力的学校政策包括在学校安装警报系统（70%）、与执法部门合作制定应急响应计划（70%）、制定全面安全计划（68%）、在雇用所有学校人员之前进行犯罪背景调查（67%）以及实施学生匿名报告潜在暴力的同伴关注的系统（67%）。家长们似乎对可能有效的干预措施来减少枪支暴力的认识有限。
