Helmholtz Zentrum München, GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Helmholtz Zentrum München, GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2017 Sep;182:638-646. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.072. Epub 2017 May 12.
Oxybenzone (OBZ), a common ingredient in sunscreens and personal care products, has been frequently detected in effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants and also in surface waters. OBZ is an emerging contaminant due to its adverse impacts on marine/aquatic ecosystems. To investigate the removal and degradation capacity of phytotreatment for OBZ, the common wetland plant species Cyperus alternifolius L. was exposed to this compound at 5, 25 and 50 μM for 120 h, respectively. Continuous uptake by roots and accumulation in plant tissues was observed over the exposure time, and depletion of spiked OBZ from the aqueous medium exceeded 73.9 ± 9.1% after 120 h. Similar to its fate in mammalian cells, OBZ is activated in a phase I reaction resulting in the hydroxylated metabolite 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHB). Independently, two phase II metabolites were identified as oxybenzone-glucoside (OBZ-Glu) and oxybenzone-(6-O-malonyl)-glucoside (OBZ-Mal-Glu) by LC-MS/MS. Formation of these metabolites increased over the experimental period. To our knowledge this is the first time that DHB, OBZ-Glu and OBZ-Mal-Glu are shown to be formed in higher plant tissues. Furthermore, plant defense systems-antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, APOX and POX) were found to be elevated to counteract stress caused by exposure to OBZ. This study presents the huge potential of aquatic plants to cope with benzophenone type UV filters in contaminated water bodies.
氧苯酮（OBZ）是防晒霜和个人护理产品中的常见成分，已在城市污水处理厂的废水中以及地表水经常被检测到。由于其对海洋/水生生态系统的不利影响，OBZ 是一种新兴污染物。为了研究植物处理对 OBZ 的去除和降解能力，将常见的湿地植物香附子分别在 5、25 和 50 μM 下暴露于该化合物 120 h。在暴露期间，观察到根部持续吸收和植物组织中积累，120 h 后，从水介质中耗尽的 OBZ 超过 73.9±9.1%。与在哺乳动物细胞中的命运相似，OBZ 在 I 期反应中被激活，生成羟基化代谢产物 2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮（DHB）。此外，通过 LC-MS/MS 独立鉴定出两种 II 期代谢物为氧苯酮-葡萄糖苷（OBZ-Glu）和氧苯酮-（6-O-丙二酰基）-葡萄糖苷（OBZ-Mal-Glu）。这些代谢物的形成在实验期间增加。据我们所知，这是首次在高等植物组织中形成 DHB、OBZ-Glu 和 OBZ-Mal-Glu。此外，植物防御系统-抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、APOX 和 POX）被发现升高，以对抗暴露于 OBZ 引起的应激。本研究表明水生植物在受污染水体中处理二苯甲酮型紫外线滤光剂方面具有巨大潜力。
