Wolf David, Georgic Will, Klaiber H Allen
The Ohio State University, USA.
The Ohio State University, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Sep 1;199:148-157. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.031. Epub 2017 May 18.
Lake Erie is one of the most valuable natural resources in the United States, providing billions of dollars in benefits each year to recreationalists, homeowners and local governments. The ecosystem services provided by Lake Erie, however, are under threat due to harmful algal blooms. This paper provides recreational damage estimates using spatially and temporally varying algae measures and monthly fishing permit sales collected between 2011 and 2014. Results indicate that fishing license sales drop between 10% and 13% when algal conditions surpass the World Health's Organization's moderate health risk advisory threshold of 20,000 cyanobacteria cells/mL. For Lake Erie adjacent counties experiencing a large, summer-long algal bloom, this would result in approximately 3600 fewer fishing licenses issued and approximately $2.25 million to $5.58 million in lost fishing expenditures. Our results show a discrete jump in reduced angling activity upon crossing this threshold, with limited additional impacts associated with more severe algal blooms. This suggests that policies aimed at eliminating, rather than mitigating, algal levels are most beneficial to the Ohio angling industry.
伊利湖是美国最宝贵的自然资源之一，每年为休闲爱好者、房主和地方政府带来数十亿美元的收益。然而，由于有害藻华，伊利湖提供的生态系统服务正受到威胁。本文利用2011年至2014年期间收集的时空变化藻类测量数据和每月捕鱼许可证销售数据，对娱乐损失进行了估算。结果表明，当藻类状况超过世界卫生组织设定的每毫升20000个蓝藻细胞的中度健康风险咨询阈值时，捕鱼许可证销售量下降10%至13%。对于伊利湖周边经历了长时间夏季藻华的县来说，这将导致大约少发放3600张捕鱼许可证，捕鱼支出损失约225万美元至558万美元。我们的结果表明，越过这一阈值后，垂钓活动减少会出现明显跃升，而更严重的藻华带来的额外影响有限。这表明，旨在消除而非减轻藻类水平的政策对俄亥俄州的垂钓业最为有利。
