Sensharma Prerana, Madhumathi G, Jayant Rahul D, Jaiswal Amit K
School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Aug 1;77:1302-1315. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.264. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
The treatment of nerve injuries has taken a new dimension with the development of tissue engineering techniques. Prior to tissue engineering, suturing and surgery were the only options for effective treatment. With the advent of tissue engineering, it is now possible to design a scaffold that matches the exact biological and mechanical properties of the tissue. This has led to substantial reduction in the complications posed by surgeries and suturing to the patients. New synthetic and natural polymers are being applied to test their efficiency in generating an ideal scaffold. Along with these, cells and growth factors are also being incorporated to increase the efficiency of a scaffold. Efforts are being made to devise a scaffold that is biodegradable, biocompatible, conducting and immunologically inert. The ultimate goal is to exactly mimic the extracellular matrix in our body, and to elicit a combination of biochemical, topographical and electrical cues via various polymers, cells and growth factors, using which nerve regeneration can efficiently occur.
随着组织工程技术的发展，神经损伤的治疗有了新的进展。在组织工程出现之前，缝合和手术是有效治疗的唯一选择。随着组织工程的出现，现在有可能设计出一种与组织的精确生物学和力学特性相匹配的支架。这大大减少了手术和缝合给患者带来的并发症。新型合成聚合物和天然聚合物正在被应用，以测试它们在生成理想支架方面的效率。与此同时，细胞和生长因子也被纳入其中，以提高支架的效率。人们正在努力设计一种可生物降解、生物相容、具有传导性且免疫惰性的支架。最终目标是精确模拟我们体内的细胞外基质，并通过各种聚合物、细胞和生长因子引发生化、拓扑和电信号的组合，利用这些信号神经能够有效地再生。
