Rohaim M A, El Naggar R F, Helal A M, Hussein H A, Munir Muhammad
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, United Kingdom.
Vaccine. 2017 Jun 16;35(28):3523-3527. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.033. Epub 2017 May 19.
Transmission of viruses from the commercial poultry to wild birds is an emerging paradigm of livestock-wildlife interface. Here, we report the identification and isolation of vaccine strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV1) and avian coronaviruses (ACoV) from different wild bird species across eight Egyptian governorates between January 2014 and December 2015. Surveillance of avian respiratory viruses in free-ranging wild birds (n=297) identified three species that harboured or excreted APMV1 and ACoVs. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of recovered viruses revealed a close association with the most widely utilized vaccine strains in the country. These results highlight the potential spillover of vaccine-viruses probably due to extensive use of live-attenuated vaccines in the commercial poultry, and close interaction between domesticated and wild bird populations. Further exploring the full spectrum of vaccine-derived viral vaccine strains in wild birds might help to assess the emergence of future wild-birds origin viruses.
病毒从商业家禽传播到野生鸟类是家畜与野生动物相互作用的一种新现象。在此，我们报告了在2014年1月至2015年12月期间，从埃及八个省份的不同野生鸟类物种中鉴定和分离出1型禽副粘病毒（APMV1）和禽冠状病毒（ACoV）疫苗株的情况。对自由放养的野生鸟类（n = 297）中的禽呼吸道病毒进行监测，发现有三个物种携带或排泄APMV1和ACoV。对回收病毒的基因特征和系统发育分析表明，它们与该国使用最广泛的疫苗株密切相关。这些结果凸显了疫苗病毒可能因在商业家禽中广泛使用减毒活疫苗以及家养和野生鸟类种群之间的密切相互作用而发生溢出的可能性。进一步探索野生鸟类中疫苗衍生病毒株的全貌，可能有助于评估未来野生鸟类源性病毒的出现情况。
