Omrane Amira, Kreim Awatef, Henchi Mohamed Adnène, Kammoun Selma, Bessadi Leila, Amri Charfeddine, Khalfallh Taoufik, Bouzgarrou Lamia
Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie.
Caisse nationale d'Assurance-maladie de Tunisie, Tunisie.
Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Mar 21;26:164. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.26.164.11486. eCollection 2017.
Our study aimed to highlight the epidemiological profile of patients compensated for occupational asthma in the Tunisian Center, to identify their professional characteristics and to determine compensation practices for this occupational disease.
We conducted an exhaustive retrospective study over a period of eight years. This case study included workers with occupational asthma diagnosed and compensated in the Tunisian Center by the only two medical commissions empowered to set rates for permanent partial disability caused by either a work-related injury or an occupational diseases in the seven central governorates.
A total of 129 workers, with average age of 40.6 ± 7.75 years were compensated for occupational asthma during the study period. Sex ratio was 0.66. The most incriminated etiologic agents were vegetable dust pollution in the textile industry (75.2%), wood dust, flour and isocyanates. Nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity was found in 38% of cases, a high rate of IgE in 14% of cases and positive skin prick test in 10.9% of cases. The average rate of permanent partial disability was 25.6 ± 14.2%. On the basis of the analytical study, this rate was related to patient's age and to the medical commission which had set this rate.
This study of workers compensated for occupational asthma provides relevant data about epidemiological and clinical features of diagnosed patients and committee practices in particular, in term of application of the voluntary indicative scale, but it does not allow an assessment of the prevalence of this pathology which is often underestimated.
我们的研究旨在突出突尼斯中心职业性哮喘获补偿患者的流行病学概况，确定其职业特征，并确定该职业病的补偿做法。
我们进行了一项为期八年的详尽回顾性研究。该案例研究纳入了在突尼斯中心被诊断为职业性哮喘并获得补偿的工人，这些工人来自七个中部省份，由仅有的两个有权确定因工伤或职业病导致的永久部分残疾费率的医疗委员会进行评估。
在研究期间，共有129名工人因职业性哮喘获得补偿，平均年龄为40.6±7.75岁。性别比为0.66。最主要的致病因素是纺织业中的植物粉尘污染（75.2%）、木尘、面粉和异氰酸酯。38%的病例发现有非特异性支气管高反应性，14%的病例IgE水平较高，10.9%的病例皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。永久部分残疾的平均比例为25.6±14.2%。基于分析研究，该比例与患者年龄以及确定该比例的医疗委员会有关。
这项对职业性哮喘获补偿工人的研究提供了有关已诊断患者的流行病学和临床特征以及委员会做法的相关数据，特别是在应用自愿指示性量表方面，但它无法评估这种往往被低估的疾病的患病率。
