Torén Kjell, Blanc Paul D
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
BMC Pulm Med. 2009 Jan 29;9:7. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-9-7.
The aim of this paper is to highlight emerging data on occupational attributable risk in asthma. Despite well documented outbreaks of disease and the recognition of numerous specific causal agents, occupational exposures previously had been relegated a fairly minor role relative to other causes of adult onset asthma. In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the potential importance of asthma induced by work-related exposures
We searched Pub Med from June 1999 through December 2007. We identified six longitudinal general population-based studies; three case-control studies and eight cross-sectional analyses from seven general population-based samples. For an integrated analysis we added ten estimates prior to 1999 included in a previous review.
The longitudinal studies indicate that 16.3% of all adult-onset asthma is caused by occupational exposures. In an overall synthesis of all included studies the overall median PAR value was 17.6%.
Clinicians should consider the occupational history when evaluating patients in working age who have asthma. At a societal level, these findings underscore the need for further preventive action to reduce the occupational exposures to asthma-causing agents.
本文旨在强调有关哮喘职业归因风险的新出现的数据。尽管疾病爆发有充分记录且众多特定致病因素已得到确认，但相对于成人哮喘的其他病因，职业暴露此前一直被视为作用相当小。近年来，人们越来越认识到与工作相关暴露所诱发哮喘的潜在重要性。
我们检索了1999年6月至2007年12月的PubMed。我们确定了六项基于一般人群的纵向研究；三项病例对照研究以及来自七个基于一般人群样本的八项横断面分析。为进行综合分析，我们纳入了先前综述中包含的1999年之前的十项评估。
纵向研究表明，所有成人哮喘病例中16.3%由职业暴露引起。在所有纳入研究的总体综合分析中，总体PAR中位数为17.6%。
临床医生在评估患有哮喘的工作年龄患者时应考虑职业史。在社会层面，这些发现强调需要采取进一步预防行动，以减少对导致哮喘的致病因素的职业暴露。
