Reynoso Mercedes M N, Seccacini Emilia A, Calcagno Javier A, Zerba Eduardo N, Alzogaray Raúl A
UNIDEF, CITEDEF, CONICET, CIPEIN, Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y de Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas, CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
PeerJ. 2017 May 18;5:e3292. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3292. eCollection 2017.
DEET and IR3535 are insect repellents present worldwide in commercial products; their efficacy has been mainly evaluated in mosquitoes. This study compares the toxicological effects and the behavioral responses induced by both repellents on the blood-sucking bug Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), one of the main vectors of Chagas disease. When applied topically, the Median Lethal Dose (72 h) for DEET was 220.8 µg/insect. Using IR3535, topical application of 500 µg/insect killed no nymphs. The minimum concentration that produced repellency was the same for both compounds: 1,15 µg/cm. The effect of a mixture DEET:IR3535 1:1 was similar to that of their pure components. Flushing out was assessed in a chamber with a shelter containing groups of ten nymphs. The repellents were aerosolized on the shelter and the number of insects leaving it was recorded for 60 min. During that time, 0.006 g/m of the positive control tetramethrin flushed out 76.7% of the nymphs, while 1.76 g/m of DEET or IR3535 flushed out 30 and 0%, respectively. The concentrations required for both compounds to produce toxicity or flushing out are too high to have any practical applications. However, they showed a promising repellency. Additional research should be done to evaluate their possible use for personal protection against bites.
避蚊胺（DEET）和IR3535是全球商业产品中都有的驱虫剂；它们的功效主要在蚊子身上进行了评估。本研究比较了这两种驱虫剂对吸血蝽克鲁格蝽（半翅目：猎蝽科）的毒理学影响和行为反应，克鲁格蝽是恰加斯病的主要传播媒介之一。局部应用时，避蚊胺的半数致死剂量（72小时）为220.8微克/昆虫。使用IR3535时，每只昆虫局部涂抹500微克未导致若虫死亡。产生驱避作用的最低浓度对两种化合物来说是相同的：1.15微克/平方厘米。避蚊胺与IR3535 1:1混合物的效果与其纯成分相似。在一个带有遮蔽物的试验箱中评估驱赶效果，遮蔽物中有每组十只若虫。将驱虫剂雾化在遮蔽物上，并记录60分钟内离开遮蔽物的昆虫数量。在此期间，每立方米0.006克的阳性对照胺菊酯驱出了76.7%的若虫，而每立方米1.76克的避蚊胺或IR3535分别驱出了30%和0%的若虫。两种化合物产生毒性或驱赶作用所需的浓度过高，无法有任何实际应用。然而，它们显示出有前景的驱避性。应该进行更多研究来评估它们用于个人防叮咬保护的可能性。
