Ali Muhammad A, Azeem Farrukh, Abbas Amjad, Joyia Faiz A, Li Hongjie, Dababat Abdelfattah A
Department of Plant Pathology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan.
Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 9;8:750. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00750. eCollection 2017.
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are obligate biotrophic parasites causing serious damage and reduction in crop yields. Several economically important genera parasitize various crop plants. The root-knot, root lesion, and cyst nematodes are the three most economically damaging genera of PPNs on crops within the family Heteroderidae. It is very important to devise various management strategies against PPNs in economically important crop plants. Genetic engineering has proven a promising tool for the development of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Additionally, the genetic engineering leading to transgenic plants harboring nematode resistance genes has demonstrated its significance in the field of plant nematology. Here, we have discussed the use of genetic engineering for the development of nematode resistance in plants. This review article also provides a detailed account of transgenic strategies for the resistance against PPNs. The strategies include natural resistance genes, cloning of proteinase inhibitor coding genes, anti-nematodal proteins and use of RNA interference to suppress nematode effectors. Furthermore, the manipulation of expression levels of genes induced and suppressed by nematodes has also been suggested as an innovative approach for inducing nematode resistance in plants. The information in this article will provide an array of possibilities to engineer resistance against PPNs in different crop plants.
植物寄生线虫（PPNs）是专性活体营养型寄生虫，会对作物造成严重损害并导致产量下降。几个具有重要经济意义的属寄生于各种作物。根结线虫、根腐线虫和孢囊线虫是异皮科中对作物经济损害最大的三个PPNs属。针对具有重要经济意义的作物制定各种防治PPNs的管理策略非常重要。基因工程已被证明是一种在作物中培育生物和非生物胁迫耐受性的有前景的工具。此外，培育携带线虫抗性基因的转基因植物的基因工程已在植物线虫学领域显示出其重要性。在此，我们讨论了利用基因工程培育植物对线虫的抗性。这篇综述文章还详细介绍了抗PPNs的转基因策略。这些策略包括天然抗性基因、蛋白酶抑制剂编码基因的克隆、抗线虫蛋白以及利用RNA干扰来抑制线虫效应蛋白。此外，操纵受线虫诱导和抑制的基因的表达水平也被认为是一种在植物中诱导线虫抗性的创新方法。本文中的信息将为在不同作物中培育抗PPNs的抗性提供一系列可能性。
