Fergusson D M, Horwood L J, Shannon F T
N Z Med J. 1979 Jan 24;89(628):41-3.
The paper examines smoking amongst a sample of 1248 women giving birth to live-born infants. The findings show: 1. That about 26 percent of women smoked throughout pregnancy and a further 8.0 percent smoked at some time during pregnancy. 2. Smoking during pregnancy was realted to the mother's social background: younger mothers, non-European mothers, mothers with no formal educational qualifications, mothers of low socioeconomic background and mothers of ex-nuptial infants tended to smoke more during pregnancy. 3. Smoking was associated with a decrease in birth weight, a greater risk of low birth weight (less than 2500g) infants and a greater risk of spontaneous abortion. There was no statistically significant relationship between smoking during pregnancy and: the risk of complicated labour, time to the onset of neonatal respiration, the use of active resuscitation or the risk of neonatal infection.
该论文研究了1248名生育活产婴儿的女性样本中的吸烟情况。研究结果表明：1. 约26%的女性在整个孕期吸烟，另有8.0%的女性在孕期的某些时候吸烟。2. 孕期吸烟与母亲的社会背景有关：年轻母亲、非欧洲裔母亲、没有正规学历的母亲、社会经济背景较低的母亲以及非婚生婴儿的母亲在孕期往往吸烟更多。3. 吸烟与出生体重降低、低体重（低于2500克）婴儿风险增加以及自然流产风险增加有关。孕期吸烟与以下方面之间没有统计学上的显著关系：难产风险、新生儿开始呼吸的时间、使用积极复苏措施或新生儿感染风险。
