Asamoah-Akuoko Lucy, Hassall Oliver W, Bates Imelda, Ullum Henrik
Research and Development Department, National Blood Service Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Br J Haematol. 2017 Jun;177(6):864-877. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14588. Epub 2017 May 22.
Achieving an adequate blood supply in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) through donor mobilization and retention is crucial. Factors that motivate or deter blood donors vary according to beliefs and social norms. Understanding the factors that influence blood donation behaviour in SSA is vital to developing effective strategies to address blood donor motivation and retention. This review of 35 studies from 16 SSA countries collates available evidence concerning the perceptions, motivators and deterrents that influence blood donors in SSA. The review revealed a common understanding that blood and blood donation save lives. The main deterrent to blood donation was fear due to lack of knowledge and discouraging spiritual, religious and cultural perceptions of blood donation. The main motivators for blood donation were altruism, donating blood for family and incentives. The findings support the need for targeted, culturally sensitive education, recruitment and retention strategies to improve the blood supply in SSA.
通过动员和留住献血者在撒哈拉以南非洲地区（SSA）实现充足的血液供应至关重要。促使或阻碍献血者的因素因信仰和社会规范而异。了解影响SSA地区献血行为的因素对于制定有效的策略以解决献血者的积极性和留住问题至关重要。这项对来自16个SSA国家的35项研究的综述整理了有关影响SSA地区献血者的认知、动机和阻碍因素的现有证据。该综述揭示了一种共识，即血液和献血能拯救生命。献血的主要阻碍是由于缺乏知识以及对献血令人沮丧的精神、宗教和文化认知而产生的恐惧。献血的主要动机是利他主义、为家人献血和激励措施。这些发现支持了制定有针对性的、对文化敏感的教育、招募和留住策略以改善SSA地区血液供应的必要性。
