Iannilli Emilia, Stephan Lars, Hummel Thomas, Reichmann Heinz, Haehner Antje
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Interdisciplinary Center "Smell and Taste", TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Neurology, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden, Germany.
J Neurol. 2017 Jun;264(6):1236-1246. doi: 10.1007/s00415-017-8521-0. Epub 2017 May 26.
Early diagnosis and timely treatment of Parkinson's disease are essential factors to provide these patients with a longer period of a better quality of life. Olfactory loss is among the first non-motor symptoms of the disease; however, in light of the many causes of smell loss, it is a very unspecific biomarker and should only be used as part of a diagnostic test battery. In this study, we investigated the olfactory response in 71 subjects, consisting of Parkinson's disease patients, hyposmic and anosmic patients of other causes, and normosmic individuals searching for sensitive, distinct biomarkers for which we used scalp event-related 64-channel electroencephalography and psychophysical tests. The analysis of the global field power indicated significant measurable differences between patients with Parkinson's disease and otherwise olfactory dysfunctional and normosmic individuals. The localization of brain sources, in particular, provides evidence for differences in mainly late EEG-components suggesting a decline of central brain networks as a causal factor for olfactory loss in Parkinson's disease. The findings indicate a different pattern of olfactory processing in patients with Parkinson's disease compared to olfactory dysfunctions of other origin, which provide further insights into the mechanisms behind olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's.
帕金森病的早期诊断和及时治疗是为这些患者提供更长时间更高生活质量的关键因素。嗅觉丧失是该疾病最早出现的非运动症状之一；然而，鉴于嗅觉丧失的原因众多，它是一种非常不具特异性的生物标志物，仅应用于诊断测试组合的一部分。在本研究中，我们调查了71名受试者的嗅觉反应，这些受试者包括帕金森病患者、其他原因导致的嗅觉减退和嗅觉丧失患者以及嗅觉正常个体，我们使用头皮事件相关64通道脑电图和心理物理学测试来寻找敏感、独特的生物标志物。全局场功率分析表明，帕金森病患者与其他嗅觉功能障碍和嗅觉正常个体之间存在显著可测量的差异。特别是脑源定位为主要是晚期脑电图成分的差异提供了证据，表明中枢脑网络的衰退是帕金森病嗅觉丧失的一个因果因素。研究结果表明，与其他原因引起的嗅觉功能障碍相比，帕金森病患者的嗅觉处理模式不同，这为帕金森病嗅觉功能障碍背后的机制提供了进一步的见解。
