el Nageh M, Khadre M A, Gould E A
Faculty of Medicine, University of Al Fateh, Tripoli, Libya.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1988;82(5):758-60. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(88)90228-3.
Analysis of the records available show that the introduction in Libya of a compulsory immunization programme against poliomyelitis was followed by a substantial decrease in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis. Nevertheless, the annual incidence is still higher than in many western industrialized countries. We have conducted a survey of neutralizing poliovirus antibodies in human sera. In the group aged 19 years and upwards, i.e., those born before compulsory immunization, 65% had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the 3 viruses, and on average 73% were positive for 2 of the 3 virus serotypes and 85% for only one. The overall proportions in schoolchildren 6-18 years old were lower than in adults. In adults and schoolchildren from 6-18 years old, the highest proportion of positives was against type 2 poliovirus. For infants up to 5 years old the figures overall were higher but the type 2 serotype did not predominate. Surprisingly, the anticipated increase in proportions of positive antisera in 7 year olds, following a booster immunization at the time of school entry, was not apparent, implying inadequate coverage. The results appear to show that stricter measures to control the rate of coverage of immunization are required to reduce the relatively high incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in Libya.
对现有记录的分析表明，利比亚实施脊髓灰质炎强制免疫计划后，麻痹性脊髓灰质炎的发病率大幅下降。然而，其年发病率仍高于许多西方工业化国家。我们对人体血清中的脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体进行了调查。在19岁及以上的人群中，即那些在强制免疫之前出生的人，65%的人对三种病毒有可检测到的中和抗体，平均而言，73%的人对三种病毒血清型中的两种呈阳性，85%的人仅对一种呈阳性。6至18岁学童的总体比例低于成年人。在成年人和6至18岁的学童中，阳性比例最高的是针对2型脊髓灰质炎病毒。对于5岁以下的婴儿，总体数字较高，但2型血清型并不占主导。令人惊讶的是，在入学时进行加强免疫后，7岁儿童阳性抗血清比例预期的增加并不明显，这意味着免疫覆盖率不足。结果似乎表明，需要采取更严格的措施来控制免疫覆盖率，以降低利比亚相对较高的麻痹性脊髓灰质炎发病率。
