Neal R A, van Bueren J, Hooper G
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Winches Farm Laboratories, St. Albans, U.K.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1988 Oct;82(5):453-6. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1988.11812275.
Furazolidone and nitrofurazone showed in vitro activity against amastigotes of Leishmania donovani, L. enriettii and L. major in macrophages, at concentrations which were also toxic to the macrophages. A low grade of activity was observed against L. donovani infections in BALB/c mice by furazolidone but not with nitrofurazone. Nitrofurazone, in two concentrations, was not active when applied to the lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. enriettii (guinea-pig infection) or L. major strain P (BALB/c mouse infection). After systemic administration to BALB/c mice infected with L. major strain JISH 252 clone 1, low-grade activity was observed at the highest level tested.
呋喃唑酮和呋喃西林在体外对巨噬细胞内杜氏利什曼原虫、恩氏利什曼原虫和硕大利什曼原虫的无鞭毛体具有活性，但其浓度对巨噬细胞也有毒性。呋喃唑酮对BALB/c小鼠的杜氏利什曼原虫感染有低度活性，但呋喃西林则无此活性。两种浓度的呋喃西林应用于豚鼠因恩氏利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病（豚鼠感染）或硕大利什曼原虫P株（BALB/c小鼠感染）的皮损时均无活性。对感染硕大利什曼原虫JISH 252克隆1株的BALB/c小鼠进行全身给药后，在测试的最高剂量下观察到低度活性。
