Scuderi Nicolò, Monfrecola Ambra, Dessy Luca Andrea, Fabbrocini Gabriella, Megna Matteo, Monfrecola Giuseppe
Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Naples, Italy.
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Skin Appendage Disord. 2017 May;3(2):95-110. doi: 10.1159/000462979. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease presenting with painful nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and scarring primarily affecting apocrine gland-rich intertriginous areas. HS prevalence ranges from 0.05 to 1%. The central pathogenic event in HS is believed to be the occlusion of the upper part of the folliculopilosebaceous unit, leading to the rupture of the sebofollicular canal with the consequent development of perifollicular lymphohistiocytic inflammation. The HS treatment choices are influenced by disease severity and its individual subjective impact, involving both medical and surgical interventions. However, given the chronic nature of HS, its destructive impact on social, working, and daily life of patients, its management is often frustrating for both the patient and physician. Hence, prompt and effective management strategies are urgently needed and a multidisciplinary approach is advocated. Therefore, in this article, we highlighted the main features of HS (clinical aspects, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, classifications, comorbidities, and treatments), so that awareness of this disease might be heightened in primary care physicians and surgeons, who may be the first health care providers to see patients with this disease owing to its characteristic clinical presentation (inflammatory nodules, abscesses, sinus tract, etc.).
化脓性汗腺炎（HS）是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，表现为疼痛性结节、脓肿、窦道和瘢痕，主要累及富含顶泌汗腺的褶皱部位。HS的患病率为0.05%至1%。HS的中心致病事件被认为是毛囊皮脂腺单位上部的阻塞，导致皮脂毛囊管破裂，进而发展为毛囊周围淋巴细胞组织细胞性炎症。HS的治疗选择受疾病严重程度及其个体主观影响，涉及医学和外科干预。然而，鉴于HS的慢性性质、对患者社交、工作和日常生活的破坏性影响，其管理对患者和医生来说往往都令人沮丧。因此，迫切需要迅速有效的管理策略，并提倡采用多学科方法。因此，在本文中，我们重点介绍了HS的主要特征（临床方面、流行病学、发病机制、诊断标准、分类、合并症和治疗），以便提高初级保健医生和外科医生对这种疾病的认识，由于其特征性临床表现（炎性结节、脓肿、窦道等），他们可能是首批接诊该病患者的医疗服务提供者。
