Khakh Baljit S, Beaumont Vahri, Cachope Roger, Munoz-Sanjuan Ignacio, Goldman Steven A, Grantyn Rosemarie
Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA; Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA.
CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2017 Jul;40(7):422-437. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.05.002. Epub 2017 May 31.
Astrocytes are abundant within mature neural circuits and are involved in brain disorders. Here, we summarize our current understanding of astrocytes and Huntington's disease (HD), with a focus on correlative and causative dysfunctions of ion homeostasis, calcium signaling, and neurotransmitter clearance, as well as on the use of transplanted astrocytes to produce therapeutic benefit in mouse models of HD. Overall, the data suggest that astrocyte dysfunction is an important contributor to the onset and progression of some HD symptoms in mice. Additional exploration of astrocytes in HD mouse models and humans is needed and may provide new therapeutic opportunities to explore in conjunction with neuronal rescue and repair strategies.
星形胶质细胞在成熟神经回路中大量存在，并与脑部疾病有关。在此，我们总结了目前对星形胶质细胞和亨廷顿舞蹈症（HD）的认识，重点关注离子稳态、钙信号传导和神经递质清除的相关功能障碍及因果性功能障碍，以及在HD小鼠模型中使用移植的星形胶质细胞产生治疗益处。总体而言，数据表明星形胶质细胞功能障碍是小鼠某些HD症状发生和进展的重要因素。需要对HD小鼠模型和人类中的星形胶质细胞进行进一步探索，这可能会为结合神经元拯救和修复策略提供新的治疗机会。
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