a Department of Communication , University of Maryland, College Park.
Health Commun. 2018 Jul;33(7):887-895. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1321162. Epub 2017 Jun 6.
This study examines nonsmokers' responses to antismoking messages. Informed by construal-level theory (CLT), it investigates whether and how evidence type (narrative vs. non-narrative) and social distance might interact to influence nonsmokers' attitudes toward others' quitting smoking and intentions to persuade others to quit smoking. Results of a controlled experiment (N = 281) revealed an approximately significant two-way interaction pertaining to attitudes. Simple effects analyses revealed that narratives produced less-favorable attitudes toward others' quitting smoking than nonnarratives when participants thought about their best friend. Yet, there was no difference in attitudes between narratives and nonnarratives when participants thought about socially distant others. The results also indicated that nonnarratives overpowered narratives to influence participants' attitudes toward others' quitting smoking. Moreover, social distance had a consistent impact on their risk beliefs, such that they perceive fewer health risks of their close friends than an average college student. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
本研究考察了非吸烟者对反吸烟信息的反应。受构建水平理论（CLT）的启发，本研究调查了证据类型（叙述性与非叙述性）和社会距离是否以及如何相互作用，从而影响非吸烟者对他人戒烟的态度和劝说他人戒烟的意愿。一项对照实验的结果（N=281）显示，态度存在一个近似显著的双向交互作用。简单效应分析表明，当参与者想到他们最好的朋友时，叙述性信息比非叙述性信息产生的对他人戒烟的态度更不利。然而，当参与者想到社会距离较远的其他人时，态度在叙述性和非叙述性信息之间没有差异。研究结果还表明，非叙述性信息在影响参与者对他人戒烟的态度方面比叙述性信息更有影响力。此外，社会距离对他们的风险认知产生了一致的影响，即他们认为自己的亲密朋友比普通大学生面临的健康风险更小。讨论了结果的理论和实践意义。
