Bertanza Giorgio, Canato Matteo, Laera Giuseppe, Vaccari Mentore, Svanström Magdalena, Heimersson Sara
Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, via Branze 43, I-25123, Brescia, Italy.
CNR-Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, viale De Blasio 5, I-70132, Bari, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jul;24(21):17383-17393. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9409-3. Epub 2017 Jun 6.
A holistic assessment procedure has been used in this study for comparing conventional activated sludge (CAS) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Technical, social, administrative, economic and environmental impacts have been evaluated based on 1 year of operational data from three full-scale lines (one MBR and two CAS) working in parallel in a large municipal treatment plant. The comparative assessment evidences a slight advantage of the conventional process in the studied case, essentially due to lower costs, complexity and energy consumption. On the other hand, the MBR technology has a better social acceptance and similar overall environmental footprint. Although these results are influenced by site-specific parameters and cannot be generalized, the assessment procedure allowed identifying the most important factors affecting the final scores for each technology and the main differences between the compared technologies. Local conditions can affect the relative importance of the assessed impacts, and the use of weighting factors is proposed for better tailoring the comparative assessment to the local needs and circumstances. A sensitivity analysis on the weighted final scores demonstrated how local factors are very important and must be carefully evaluated in the decision making process.
本研究采用了一种综合评估程序，用于比较传统活性污泥法（CAS）和膜生物反应器（MBR）处理城市污水的工艺。基于大型城市污水处理厂中三条并行运行的全规模生产线（一条MBR和两条CAS）的一年运行数据，对技术、社会、管理、经济和环境影响进行了评估。比较评估表明，在所研究的案例中，传统工艺具有轻微优势，主要是由于成本、复杂性和能源消耗较低。另一方面，MBR技术具有更好的社会接受度和相似的整体环境足迹。尽管这些结果受到特定场地参数的影响，无法一概而论，但评估程序能够确定影响每种技术最终得分的最重要因素以及所比较技术之间的主要差异。当地条件会影响评估影响的相对重要性，建议使用加权因子，以便更好地使比较评估符合当地需求和情况。对加权最终得分的敏感性分析表明，当地因素非常重要，在决策过程中必须仔细评估。
