Rokos Tomas, Pribulova Terezia, Kozubik Erik, Biringer Kamil, Holubekova Veronika, Kudela Erik
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4A, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
Department of Molecular Oncology and Diagnostics, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
Life (Basel). 2023 Jan 16;13(1):244. doi: 10.3390/life13010244.
Medicinal mushrooms have been used as a medicinal tool for many centuries and, nowadays, are used in the prevention and therapy of various diseases, including as an adjunct to cancer treatment. It is estimated that 14-16% of global cancer cases are caused by infectious events; one well-known infectious agent that leads to cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is responsible for more than 99.7% of cervical cancer cases and also may play a role in vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, rectal, and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis. , a basidiomycetes class mushroom, consists of glycoproteins called polysaccharide-K (PSK) and polysaccharopeptide (PSP), which are mainly responsible for its effectiveness in the fight against a variety of cancers. Its beneficial effect lies in its ability to arrest different phases of the cell cycle, immunomodulation or induction of apoptosis. extractcan reduces BCL-2 expression or increases the expression of p53 tumour suppressor genes in breast tumour cell lines. Inhibition of proliferation was also demonstrated with HeLa cells, while cervical cytology abnormalities improved in patients who locally applied -based vaginal gel. extract itself, and also its combination with another medicinal mushroom, leads to improved HPV clearance in HPV cervical or oral-positive patients. Medicinal mushrooms can also increase the effectiveness of vaccination. This review considers the use of medicinal mushrooms as a suitable adjunct to the treatment of many cancers or precanceroses, including those caused by the HPV virus.
药用蘑菇作为一种药用工具已被使用了许多世纪，如今，它被用于预防和治疗各种疾病，包括作为癌症治疗的辅助手段。据估计，全球14% - 16%的癌症病例是由感染事件引起的；一种导致癌症的著名感染因子是人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）。HPV导致了超过99.7%的宫颈癌病例，并且可能在阴道、外阴、阴茎、肛门、直肠和口咽癌的发生中起作用。 ，一种担子菌类蘑菇，由称为多糖 - K（PSK）和多糖肽（PSP）的糖蛋白组成，它们主要负责其在对抗多种癌症方面的有效性。其有益作用在于它能够阻止细胞周期的不同阶段、免疫调节或诱导细胞凋亡。 提取物可以降低乳腺癌细胞系中BCL - 2的表达或增加p53肿瘤抑制基因的表达。在HeLa细胞中也证实了增殖受到抑制，而局部应用基于 的阴道凝胶的患者宫颈细胞学异常情况得到改善。 提取物本身，以及它与另一种药用蘑菇的组合，可提高HPV宫颈或口腔阳性患者的HPV清除率。药用蘑菇还可以提高疫苗接种的效果。本综述探讨了药用蘑菇作为许多癌症或癌前病变治疗的合适辅助手段的应用，包括由HPV病毒引起的那些。
