Giménez Jesús V, Del-Coso Juan, Leicht Anthony S, Gomez Miguel-Ángel
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Oct;58(10):1383-1389. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07343-1. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the movement patterns of professional soccer players during a small-sided game (SSG), a large-sided game (LSG), and a competitive friendly match (FM).
Fourteen professional players participated in three training routines with a similar relative pitch area per player. The SSG and LSG consisted of 8 repetitions of 4-min game play, interspersed by 2 minutes of active recovery, and their data were compared to the first 32 minutes of a FM. All movement patterns from walking to sprint running were recorded using 10-Hz GPS devices while player perception of exertion was recorded via visual analogue scale, post-trial.
Total running distance (3852±405 vs. 3359±429 and 3088±414 m), running distance at 5-6.9 m/s (222±98 vs. 75±53 and 49±35 m) and maximal running speed (7.0±0.7 vs. 6.1±0.4 and 6.0±0.7 m/s) were significantly greater during FM than for SSG and LSG. However, the number of accelerations (462±16 vs. 458±12 vs. 422±15) and decelerations (733±31 vs. 692±24 vs. 609±27), and the rating of perceived exertion (8±1 vs. 7±1 vs. 5±1) were significantly greater during SSG compared to LSG and FM.
Although smaller game-based training routines do not replicate exactly the movement patterns of a competitive match, they can increase the execution of short-term and high-intensity movements for specialized training in professional soccer players.
本研究的目的是比较职业足球运动员在小型比赛（SSG）、大型比赛（LSG）和友谊赛（FM）中的运动模式。
14名职业球员参与了三种训练程序，每名球员的相对场地面积相似。SSG和LSG包括8次4分钟的比赛，中间穿插2分钟的积极恢复，其数据与FM的前32分钟进行比较。使用10赫兹的GPS设备记录从步行到冲刺跑的所有运动模式，同时在试验后通过视觉模拟量表记录球员的用力感知。
总跑动距离（3852±405米对3359±429米和3088±414米）、5-6.9米/秒的跑动距离（222±98米对75±53米和49±35米）以及最大跑动速度（7.0±0.7米/秒对6.1±0.4米/秒和6.0±0.7米/秒）在FM期间显著大于SSG和LSG。然而，加速次数（462±16次对458±12次对422±15次）和减速次数（733±31次对692±24次对609±27次）以及主观用力程度评分（8±1分对7±1分对5±1分）在SSG期间显著高于LSG和FM。
尽管基于小型比赛的训练程序不能完全复制竞争比赛的运动模式，但它们可以增加职业足球运动员专项训练中短期高强度运动的执行次数。
