Nygaard Andersen Lotte, Mann Stephanie, Juul-Kristensen Birgit, Søgaard Karen
Campusvej 55, Dep. of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. Tel +45 65 50 75 91.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2017 Jun;32(2):94-100. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2017.2016.
Musculoskeletal symptoms, especially in the upper body, are frequent among professional symphony orchestra musicians. Physical exercise may relieve pain but might also interfere with playing performance.
To evaluate the feasibility and effect of "specific strength training" (SST) versus "general fitness training" (GFT).
A feasibility study using randomized controlled methods. Primarily, evaluations involved self-reported impact on instrument playing and satisfaction with the interventions. Secondary evaluations included pain intensity, hand-grip strength, aerobic capacity, body mass index, and self-assessed physical fitness. A total of 23 professional symphony orchestra musicians were randomly allocated to either the SST (n=12) or GFT (n=11) groups. Participants conducted three 20-minutes exercise periods/wk at the workplace for 9 weeks.
Evaluations of both interventions showed that approximately 50% of musicians were satisfied with the interventions and experienced a positive impact on playing, while 18% reported a slightly negative impact. From baseline to follow-up, SST showed a significant reduction in pain (26.3±22.5 to 11.4±15.2 mm), with no significant reduction for GFT (19.7±24.0 to 13.5±26.0 mm). GFT significantly improved aerobic capacity (34.1±7.9 mL/min/kg to 40.0±13.6 mL/min/kg) compared to no significant gain for SST. For GFT, a significant improvement was seen in self-reported muscle strength (5.7±1.3 to 6.5±1.8) with a tendency toward significant improvement in self-reported aerobic fitness (5.6±2.3 to 6.2±2.5).
Exercise interventions have the potential to improve musicians' working situation. For future research, muscle-strengthening exercises and aerobic fitness exercises might be combined in an intelligently designed program, which may include other relevant educational activities.
肌肉骨骼症状在职业交响乐团音乐家中很常见，尤其是在上半身。体育锻炼可能会缓解疼痛，但也可能会干扰演奏表现。
评估“特定力量训练”（SST）与“一般体能训练”（GFT）的可行性和效果。
采用随机对照方法进行可行性研究。主要评估包括自我报告的对乐器演奏的影响以及对干预措施的满意度。次要评估包括疼痛强度、握力、有氧能力、体重指数和自我评估的体能。共有23名职业交响乐团音乐家被随机分配到SST组（n = 12）或GFT组（n = 11）。参与者在工作场所每周进行3次20分钟的锻炼，持续9周。
对两种干预措施的评估表明，约50%的音乐家对干预措施感到满意，并体验到对演奏有积极影响，而18%的人报告有轻微负面影响。从基线到随访，SST组疼痛显著减轻（从26.3±22.5毫米降至11.4±15.2毫米），GFT组无显著减轻（从19.7±24.0毫米降至13.5±26.0毫米）。与SST组无显著增加相比，GFT组有氧能力显著提高（从34.1±7.9毫升/分钟/千克提高到40.0±13.6毫升/分钟/千克）。对于GFT组，自我报告的肌肉力量有显著改善（从5.7±1.3提高到6.5±1.8），自我报告的有氧适能有显著改善的趋势（从5.6±2.3提高到6.2±2.5）。
运动干预有可能改善音乐家的工作状况。对于未来的研究，肌肉强化运动和有氧适能运动可能会在一个精心设计的项目中结合起来，该项目可能包括其他相关的教育活动。
