School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Bioresour Technol. 2017 Oct;241:430-438. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.168. Epub 2017 May 29.
Isoprenoids comprise the largest family of natural organic compounds with many useful applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and industrial fields. Rapid developments in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have facilitated the engineering of isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in Escherichia coli to induce high levels of production of many different isoprenoids. In this review, the stem pathways for synthesizing isoprene units as well as the branch pathways deriving diverse isoprenoids from the isoprene units have been summarized. The review also highlights the metabolic engineering efforts made for the biosynthesis of hemiterpenoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, carotenoids, retinoids, and coenzyme Q in E. coli. Perspectives and future directions for the synthesis of novel isoprenoids, decoration of isoprenoids using cytochrome P450 enzymes, and secretion or storage of isoprenoids in E. coli have also been included.
类异戊二烯是最大的天然有机化合物家族，在药物、营养保健品和工业领域有许多有用的应用。代谢工程和合成生物学的快速发展促进了大肠杆菌中类异戊二烯生物合成途径的工程改造，以诱导许多不同类异戊二烯的高水平生产。在这篇综述中，总结了合成异戊二烯单元的主干途径以及从异戊二烯单元衍生出各种类异戊二烯的支链途径。该综述还强调了在大肠杆菌中进行半萜类、单萜类、倍半萜类、二萜类、类胡萝卜素、视黄醇和辅酶 Q 生物合成所做的代谢工程努力。还包括了新型类异戊二烯的合成、细胞色素 P450 酶对类异戊二烯的修饰以及大肠杆菌中类异戊二烯的分泌或储存的展望和未来方向。
