Campos-Nonato Ismael, Hernandez Lucia, Barquera Simon
Center for Research in Nutrition and Health, Mexican National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Obes Facts. 2017;10(3):238-251. doi: 10.1159/000471485. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
Some studies have shown that protein-enriched diets can lead to greater weight loss and improvements in biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MeS) than standard protein diets. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of increased protein intake on weight loss in Mexican adults with MeS.
Randomized controlled trial in 118 adults aged 47.4 ± 11.5 years and meeting the established criteria for MeS were randomized to prescribed hypocaloric diets (500 kcal less than resting metabolic rate) providing either 0.8 g/kg body weight (standard protein diet (SPD)) or 1.34 g/kg body weight (higher protein diet (HPD)) for 6 months. Body weight, waist circumference, percent body fat by bioimpedance analysis, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase were measured at baseline, 3 months and at 6 months.
There were 105 subjects (51 for SPD and 54 for HPD) who completed the trial. Overall weight loss was 5.1 ± 3.6 kg in the SPD group compared to 7.0 ± 3.7 kg in the in HPD group. Both groups lost a significant percent of centimeters of waist circumference (SPD -6.5 ± 2.6 cm and HPD -8.8 ± 2.6 cm). There was no statistical difference Except for the varying weight losses the two groups did not show any further differences overall. However in the subgroup judged to be adherent more than 75% of the time with the prescribed diets, there was a significant difference in mean weight loss (SPD -5.8% vs. HPD -9.5%) after adjusting for baseline BMI. Both groups demonstrated significant decreases in waist circumference, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and VLDL cholesterol, but there were no differences between the groups. There were no changes in blood tests for liver or renal function.
There were no significant differences in weight loss and biomarkers of MeS when the overall group was examined, but the participants with more adherence rate in the HPD group lost significantly more weight than adherent participants in the SPD group.
一些研究表明，与标准蛋白质饮食相比，富含蛋白质的饮食能带来更多的体重减轻，并改善代谢综合征（MeS）的生物标志物。因此，本研究的目的是确定增加蛋白质摄入量对患有MeS的墨西哥成年人体重减轻的影响。
对118名年龄在47.4±11.5岁且符合MeS既定标准的成年人进行随机对照试验，将他们随机分配到规定的低热量饮食组（比静息代谢率少500千卡），一组提供0.8克/千克体重（标准蛋白质饮食（SPD）），另一组提供1.34克/千克体重（高蛋白饮食（HPD）），为期6个月。在基线、3个月和6个月时测量体重、腰围、通过生物电阻抗分析得出的体脂百分比、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）胆固醇、甘油三酯、C反应蛋白、肌酐、血尿素氮、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶。
有105名受试者（SPD组51名，HPD组54名）完成了试验。SPD组总体体重减轻5.1±3.6千克，而HPD组为7.0±3.7千克。两组腰围减少的厘米数均显著（SPD组-6.5±2.6厘米，HPD组-8.8±2.6厘米）。除了体重减轻有所不同外，两组总体上没有显示出任何进一步的差异。然而，在被判定75%以上时间坚持规定饮食的亚组中，调整基线体重指数后，平均体重减轻有显著差异（SPD组-5.8%对HPD组-9.5%）。两组的腰围、血糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯和VLDL胆固醇均显著下降，但两组之间没有差异。肝功能和肾功能的血液检测没有变化。
在对总体组进行检查时，体重减轻和MeS生物标志物没有显著差异，但HPD组依从率较高的参与者比SPD组的依从参与者体重减轻明显更多。
