Berman Hanna L, Martinetti Margaret P
Department of Psychology, The College of New Jersey.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2017 Jun;31(4):488-496. doi: 10.1037/adb0000275.
Behavioral economic principles have been useful for addressing strategies to reduce alcohol consumption among college students. For example, academic variables (such as class schedule or academic rigor) have been found to affect alcohol demand assessed with a hypothetical alcohol purchase task (APT). The present studies used the APT to address the effects of 2 academic variables: next-day course level (no class, introductory level or upper level) and class size (no class, 30-student or 12-student). In each of 2 experiments, undergraduate participants read a description of a drinking context (either a no-class control version or 1 of the academic constraint conditions) and were asked to indicate how many drinks they would purchase at a variety of prices. Hursh and Silberberg's (2008) exponential demand equation was used to determine intensity and elasticity of demand, and Hursh and Roma's (2015) essential value (EV) parameter was calculated to assess essential value. In both experiments, a next-day class reduced alcohol demand, and alcohol consumption decreased as drink price increased. The presence of a smaller next-day class reduced alcohol demand compared with a larger next-day class; however, course level did not differentially affect alcohol demand. These results suggest that smaller next-day classes may reduce alcohol demand among college students and also provide initial evidence for the reliability of EV across studies. (PsycINFO Database Record
行为经济学原理已被用于探讨减少大学生酒精消费的策略。例如，研究发现学术变量（如课程安排或学术难度）会影响通过假设性酒精购买任务（APT）评估的酒精需求。本研究使用APT来探讨两个学术变量的影响：次日课程水平（无课、入门级或高级）和班级规模（无课、30人班级或12人班级）。在两项实验中，本科参与者阅读了一个饮酒情境的描述（无课控制版本或学术限制条件之一），并被要求指出他们在各种价格下会购买多少杯酒。使用赫什和西尔伯格（2008年）的指数需求方程来确定需求强度和弹性，并计算赫什和罗马（2015年）的基本价值（EV）参数以评估基本价值。在两项实验中，次日有课都会降低酒精需求，并且酒精消费量会随着酒价上涨而减少。与次日班级规模较大相比，次日班级规模较小会降低酒精需求；然而，课程水平并未对酒精需求产生差异影响。这些结果表明，次日班级规模较小可能会降低大学生的酒精需求，并且还为跨研究中EV的可靠性提供了初步证据。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
