Huang Jieying, Yu Zixuan, Gao Hongjian, Yan Xiaoming, Chang Jiang, Wang Chengming, Hu Jingwei, Zhang Ligan
School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 12;12(6):e0178110. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178110. eCollection 2017.
Changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures and maturity of swine, cattle and chicken manures and composts during 70-day composting without addition of bulking agents were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics were measured by routine analyses and chemical structures by solid-state 13C NMR and FT-IR. Three manures were of distinct properties. Their changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures, and maturity were different not only from each other but also from those with addition of bulking agents during composting. Aromaticity in chicken manure composts decreased at first, and then increased whereas that in cattle and swine manure composts increased. Enhanced ammonia volatilization occurred without addition of bulking agents. NMR structural information indicated that cattle and chicken composts were relatively stable at day 36 and 56, respectively, but swine manure composts were not mature up to day 70. Finally, the days required for three manures to reach the threshold values of different maturity indices were different.
研究了在不添加膨松剂的情况下，猪粪、牛粪和鸡粪及其堆肥在70天堆肥过程中物理化学特性、化学结构和成熟度的变化。通过常规分析测量物理化学特性，通过固态13C核磁共振和傅里叶变换红外光谱测定化学结构。三种粪便具有不同的特性。它们在物理化学特性、化学结构和成熟度方面的变化不仅彼此不同，而且与堆肥过程中添加膨松剂的情况也不同。鸡粪堆肥中的芳香性先降低后增加，而牛粪和猪粪堆肥中的芳香性增加。不添加膨松剂时氨挥发增强。核磁共振结构信息表明，牛粪和鸡粪堆肥分别在第36天和第56天相对稳定，但猪粪堆肥直到第70天仍未成熟。最后，三种粪便达到不同成熟度指标阈值所需的天数不同。
